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Top 10 Reasons Not to Donate to Wikipedia
2015-06-11T15:45:04Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
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<div>{{toc right}}<br />
Every year the [[Directory:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] asks for financial contributions from unsuspecting donors who don't realize that 54 cents of every dollar they contribute will be wasted on ledger items that are ''not'' the program services that the Wikimedia 501(c)(3) is obligated to uphold. So, every year we publicize this list of the '''Top 10 Reasons Not to Donate to Wikipedia''', in hopes that more people will become educated about what's really going on behind Wikipedia. <br />
<br />
During the Wikimedia Foundation fundraising season, more than 1,000 people a day view this page. Thanks to excellent search engine rankings for the page, it is hoped that at least some of the readers who visit will be dissuaded from adding their donation to the Wikimedia Foundation's wasteful spending spree. And we're not the only voice that's critiquing the Wikimedia Foundation's waste and ineptitude:<br />
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* [http://wikipediocracy.com/2015/05/10/wikimedia-fundraising-where-is-your-money-going/ Wikimedia Fundraising: Where Is Your Money Going?] - by Eric Barbour<br />
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* [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/12/20/cash_rich_wikipedia_chugging/ Wikipedia doesn't need your money] - by Andrew Orlowski<br />
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* [http://wikipediocracy.com/2014/09/21/wikipedia-keeping-it-free-just-pay-us-our-salaries/ Wikipedia – keeping it free. Just pay us our salaries] - by Andreas Kolbe<br />
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And if you're wondering why this page kind of looks like crap, it's largely because the Wikimedia Foundation updated the Mediawiki software that thousands of wiki sites depend on, but the newer version was not backward-compatible with previous versions, such as the one this site was built on.<br />
<br />
==Wikimedia Foundation finances are suspect.==<br />
===Budget===<br />
In 2011, the Wikimedia Foundation called for a budget of approximately $20 million. However, one assessment contends that Wikipedia and all its sister projects could probably [http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091221141604AAEUCsW operate on a budget] of $1.6 million (including salaries for several IT developers), because over 99% of the actual work being done is accomplished by unpaid volunteers. A [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/4/4f/FINAL_08_09From_KPMG.pdf KPMG audit] reported that in 2009, the Wikimedia Foundation spent only $822,405 on Internet hosting fees, plus $1,259,161 in "operating" costs (which includes many of the unnecessary staff who had been hired in just the previous two years). Even this KPMG expense summary would dictate that $2.1 million would be sufficient for the Wikimedia Foundation, so why do they call for a budget nearly '''ten times''' what's actually needed? And look out, Wikimedia director Sue Gardner is [http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/2011-2012_Annual_Plan_Questions_and_Answers#What.27s_the_revenue_target_for_2011-12.2C_and_how_does_it_compare_to_previous_years.3F calling for] a 50%-larger budget of $29.5 million for 2012! Last year, she tallied up a 12% pay raise for herself, even amidst a severe economic downturn.<br />
<br />
===Governance===<br />
The Wikimedia Foundation has a history of unclear, tardy, and misleading financial statements. The early Form 990s filed by the Foundation stated that there was "no business relationship" between any of the Board members, even though 60% of the Board were simultaneously employed as key principals by the for-profit commercial enterprise, [[Directory:Wikia|Wikia, Inc.]] [[Image:Sue and WMF Staffers drinking champagne 2013-03-08.jpg|thumb|left|300px|WMF Executive Director Sue Gardner and other staff drinking sparkling wine and showing off some donor money. (You didn't think it all went toward web servers, did you?)]] Early on, the Wikimedia Foundation asked an attorney to design the organization as a membership body, but after his work was nearly complete, they [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alex756 scrapped the idea], having suddenly realized that a majority vote of citizen-members could unseat a corrupt Board of Trustees and demand line-by-line financial accountability. The Foundation's insiders didn't want that possibility to threaten them, so they insulated themselves from a voting membership by remaining a non-member organization. Multiple top staff and former officers have privately expressed concern over [http://articles.latimes.com/2008/mar/10/business/fi-wikipedia10 financial wrongdoing] by certain board members. Indeed, the former Chief Operating Officer of the Foundation ([[Directory:Carolyn Doran|Carolyn Doran]]) was a wanted multi-count felon. The Foundation's former executive director and head legal counsel, Brad Patrick, resigned due to problems the organization had with him. Patrick's replacement as General Counsel would also have a short term in office, disappearing under a [http://www.examiner.com/article/wikipedia-s-top-attorney-says-goodbye shroud of mystery]. The Foundation lacks a Board of Trustees with a wide base of civic and social stakeholders. Almost to a person, they are cronies and insiders who were incubated within Wikipedia, or who have invested money in for-profit satellite projects of Wikipedia. The Foundation is by design narrow and weak, reflecting only the interests of a dysfunctional social networking community.<br />
<br />
===Salaries===<br />
The current Executive Director, Deputy Director, and their personal assistant had a [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/4/41/FY_2008_09_Annual_Plan.PDF reported compensation budget] and other expenses of $472,000, which was excessive for an organization of its size in 2008. At the same time as the above report, publicly-funded '''Earth Island Institute''' had revenue of about $6.5 million, 15 employees (practically the same size as the Wikimedia Foundation at the time, and headquarters in the very same city of San Francisco), but the CEO earned only $67,423. The Northern California chapter of the '''Arthritis Foundation''' had revenue of $5.1 million, but the CEO was paid only $45,050. '''Child Family Health International''' in San Francisco had revenue of $4.0 million and 11 employees, but the CEO earned only $82,000. Embarrassingly, when audited by Charity Navigator, for years the Wikimedia Foundation received only 1 star out of a possible four in the important category of ''Organizational Efficiency''. When you get right down to it, the money that people donate to the Wikimedia Foundation is more likely to be spent on an item that doesn't address the charitable mission of the organization than to be spent on something that does.<br />
<br />
===Growth===<br />
Ask yourself, how is Wikipedia inherently different now than it was in 2005? Other than an abortive attempt by Jimmy Wales to [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikimedia-commons-cannot-control-teen-pornography purge the site] of some images that could be construed as child pornography, there has been no major transformation at the site. Just some server volume growth -- a terribly cheap commodity to manage. <br />
<br />
::'''Question''': Why have the gross receipts escalated from $361,000 to a requested 2012 budget of $29.5 million? <br />
<br />
:::'''Answer''': Compensation for people not really doing anything besides watch the servers, enjoy global jet-setting, and run damage control for Jimbo's dalliances.<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia has too much power.==<br />
Wikipedia smothers out more authoritative, but less-linked-to sites in Google and other search engine rankings. Microsoft [http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/03/30/microsoft-encarta-dies-after-long-battle-with-wikipedia/?hp closed down Encarta], mainly due to the Wikipedia effect. Wikipedia has garnered an ability to set the 'truth' in mainstream media and blogs that consult it every day, without digging deeper to verify facts from independent sources. Controversial Wikipedia pages suffer from "ownership" by content bullies who drive off independent editors, all supported by administrator cabals who follow one another around, supporting reverted edits and editor blocks and bans. Wikipedia creates a monoculture of knowledge that is little different than a farmer who would make the mistake of planting just one type of crop, year after year.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
==Your donation will indirectly fund Wikia, Inc., which is not a charity.==<br />
Your non-profit donation will ultimately line the for-profit pockets of Jimmy Wales, Amazon, Google, the Bessemer Partners, and other corporate beneficiaries. How? Wikipedia is a commercial traffic engine. As of October 2011, there are over [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:LinkSearch&limit=5000&offset=25000&target=http%3A%2F%2F*.wikia.com 29,000 external links] from Wikipedia to Wales' Wikia.com sites, which are funded by Google AdSense revenues and custom advertising deals. These links are still being added to Wikipedia at the rate of over 500 per month. Did you know that Amazon invested $10,000,000 in the for-profit Wikia venture? It's therefore rather interesting that Wikipedia tolerates [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:LinkSearch&limit=5000&offset=75000&target=http%3A%2F%2F%2A.amazon.com over 76,000 links] to Amazon's retail site from the supposedly non-profit, no-advertising, anti-spam Wikipedia site. Isn't it? Meanwhile, did you know that the popular movie site IMDB.com is owned by Amazon, and you can buy Amazon products directly from IMDB pages? Well, surprise surprise -- there are [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:LinkSearch&limit=5000&offset=285000&target=http%3A%2F%2F%2A.IMDB.com over 285,000 links to Amazon's IMDB site] from Wikipedia. No wonder Amazon particularly wished to invest in Wikia, Inc. Its co-founder helps insure that the external linking environment on Wikipedia is hospitable for the Amazon link spamming!<br />
<br />
When Wales isn't enjoying all the link traffic to his for-profit site, he's actually actively in the process of self-dealing the volunteer community's labor into an exclusive content package for his own site. How? Well, take for example the fact that there was a Klingon language wiki hosted by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Wales then ordered it to be [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2005-August/023607.html shut down]. Where did it spring up again? On his Wikia, Inc. servers, of course!<br />
<br />
Now here is the really fascinating thing. If you go to Jimmy Wales' "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Jimbo_Wales talk page]" on Wikipedia, and you ask him whether he feels that either this act of theft of the Klingon wiki or the extraordinary number of links to his for-profit site and those of his investors might be a ''conflict of interest'' or ''self-dealing'', Jimbo won't even have time to respond. One or two of his loyal followers will fairly promptly dismiss or erase your message; and if you try one more time to ask this question, you're likely to get blocked from editing Wikipedia altogether. Go ahead, try it! If Jimmy answers the question and allows discussion on it, MyWikiBiz will donate $25 to the Wikimedia Foundation.<br />
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If these facts are not enough to convince you that money makes its way through the back door to Wikia, Inc., then perhaps a look [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049340.html at the front door] is in order. The Wikimedia Foundation announced in January 2009 that it was to begin paying rent to Wikia, Inc. on a monthly basis, using tax-advantaged funds from the Ruth and Frank Stanton Fund. Did Wikia offer the lowest-priced rent solution to the Wikimedia Foundation? Not at all! After a [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049345.html frantic] back-and-forth [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049354.html attempt] by different [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049360.html agents] of the Wikimedia Foundation to [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049411.html explain] how this [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049389.html level] of [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049391.html self-dealing] was [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049393.html allowed to happen], Wikia's CEO Gil Penchina finally revealed (a year later, January 4, 2010) in a personal e-mail:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>''They <nowiki>[the Wikimedia Foundation]</nowiki> approached us and asked if they could rent space on a temporary basis.. and I think it ended up being 4-6 months give or take. I thought about giving it to them for free and I wasn't sure which was worse... getting accused of bribing a non-profit for giving it away, or getting accused of stealing for a non-profit for charging... so we ended up asking them to get competitng (sic) quotes from other landlords so that THEY could feel comfortable with the decision.''</blockquote><br />
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First there is a request to rent space from a hand-picked bidder, and only ''then'' a suggestion to get competing bids from other landlords? It sounds like someone at the Wikimedia Foundation wanted to make sure that Jimmy Wales' for-profit company had the inside track on that bid, worth many thousands of dollars. (Wikia would [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikia-deletes-ceo-gil-penchina replace its CEO] in 2011.)<br />
<br />
Meanwhile in August 2009, Matt Halprin, [http://www.omidyar.com/team/matt-halprin Partner of the Omidyar Network], was asked to join the Wikimedia Foundation board of trustees. Halprin is charged with an Omidyar team that "pursues investments in Social Media", and Omidyar invested part of $4 million into Wikia, Inc. in 2006. So, his company succeeds if Wikia makes a nice return on investment. It looks very fishy to have a new Wikimedia Foundation board member who's a partner at a firm that invested some portion of $4 million into the privately-held firm of the "Emeritus Chair" of the Foundation. In fact, you'd be hard pressed to explain how this is just a "coincidence", being that there were probably more than a thousand other equally-qualified stars of social media who could have been selected, who have not a single tie back to funding Wikia, Inc. What are the odds? At the Wikimedia Foundation, the double-dealing simply defies the laws of probability.<br />
<br />
==The Wikimedia Foundation's leadership leaves much to be desired.==<br />
* '''Jimbo Wales''', ''Chairman Emeritus'' - Hired a [http://www.zdnet.com/blog/ratcliffe/wikipedia-why-does-essjay-need-to-protect-himself/271 liar] using the nickname "Essjay", then told the press he "didn't really have a problem with it"; showed little fiscal economy when discussing [http://valleywag.gawker.com/365219/modest-frugal-jimmy-wales-flies-first+class airfares to Korea]; not to mention his [[Criticism of Jimmy Wales|other transgressions]]. In 2012, Wales [http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/01/20/one-on-one-jimmy-wales-of-wikipedia/ admitted] to the New York Times, regarding the Wikimedia Foundation, "We're really bad at business."<br />
* '''Sue Gardner''', ''Executive Director'' - Admits to awarding [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikimedia-foundation-director-admits-to-sweetheart-contracts sweetheart contracts], against her own policies on disbursements.<br />
[[Image:Erik_Moeller_and_James_Forrester_at_Wikimania_2007.jpg|thumb|left|175px|Erik Moeller (left) at a Wikimania conference]]<br />
* '''Erik Moeller''', ''Deputy Director'' - Has held some extremely [http://www.cydeweys.com/blog/2008/05/08/erik-moller-wmf/ uncomfortable public views] about child pornography and pedophilia.<br />
* '''Angela Beesley''', ''Chair of the Advisory Board'' - Routinely edits the Wikipedia article about Wikia, the company she co-founded with Wales, and adds external links to Wikia, all against Wikipedia community guidelines.<br />
* '''Mike Godwin''', ''former lead counsel'' - Before mysteriously [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikipedia-s-top-attorney-says-goodbye disappearing from] the WMF, Godwin attempted to edit Wikipedia anonymously, [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest/Noticeboard&oldid=260671486#Mike_Godwin_editing_Wikipedia_with_a_COI against community guidelines] that discourage self-promotion.<br />
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==Wikipedia is more a roleplaying game than an encyclopedia.==<br />
While Wikipedia is disguised as an encyclopedia, it is actually nothing more than a fluid forum where ultimate editorial control belongs to a corps of administrators, most of whom act without real-world accountability because they don't reveal their real names, locations, and potential conflicts of interest -- even though they will not hesitate, through "complex investigations", to "out" the real names, locations, and perceived conflicts of interest of other, non-administrative editors. Why give your real-world dollars to a virtual-world multi-player forum? Have you made your donation to Second Life, too?<br />
<br />
==Small donations make Wikipedia irresponsible.== <br />
Having over 100,000 small donors funding more than 60% of a non-profit's income actually reduces accountability to the donors. Because the donations are very small (about $30, on average), no one has sufficient influence over the Wikimedia Foundation to reach a threshold of accountability. On the other hand, large institutional giving, large gifts by wealthy individual donors, and government grants all facilitate accountability. Embarrassing scandals, vandalism to biographies about living persons, and lack of proper concern for children can be shaken off like water off a duck's back when raised by micro-donors. Not so when a foundational grant, ultra-affluent person, or government agency have a larger stake on the line. So, if you plan to contribute less than $5,000 to the Wikimedia Foundation, you would better encourage more accountability by donating that money instead to another organization, and let them determine if the Wikimedia Foundation is an ethical investment or not. Do you want to be the next Fritz Thyssen, Albert Vögler, or Emil Kirdorf?<br />
<br />
==They don't get the job done.==<br />
There have been a number of Wikipedia projects or initiatives that have been launched with at least some fanfare and/or promise that they are important and that they will be carried out.<br />
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''But then they fail.''<br />
<br />
Some examples:<br />
* The [http://brianna.modernthings.org/article/213/reflections-on-pgip-phase-1 Greenspun illustration grant] was received, but less than 10% of it was disbursed properly.<br />
* In August 2010, an [http://www.examiner.com/examiner/x-58002-Wiki-Edits-Examiner~y2010m8d3-Wikijunior-took-the-money-but-no-books-printed investigative news report] revealed that years ago the Wikimedia Foundation accepted $25,000 in grant money from the John and Frances Beck Foundation. The money was supposed to have been used to print short booklets about different subjects appropriate for 7- to 12-year-old children. However, not a single dollar from this grant was actually spent on printing books for this special project. And the Wikimedia Foundation ''refuses to talk'' about what did happen to the money. All we know is that the Beck Foundation says, "we no longer support Wikipedia, Wikimedia, or Wikijunior...". Where do you think the $25,000 [http://www.mywikibiz.com/File:Captain_Jimbo.jpg went]?<br />
* We are still waiting for Flagged Revisions implementation (now renamed "Pending Changes") on English Wikipedia (a [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Flagged_revisions/Sighted_versions&diff=prev&oldid=154463978 dream] since August 2007, a [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=261790016 suggestion] since January 2009, a Foundation-level [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=265584048 proposal] since January 2009, and a call to [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Advisory_Council_on_Project_Development/Forum&diff=prev&oldid=302095508 raise hell] if not implemented by September 25, 2009).<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_The_Wikipedia_Weekly/Episode_45 Release of Episode 45] on Wikivoices is permanently suppressed. (So volatile an issue, we are [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk:Wikivoices&diff=next&oldid=316384628 forbidden] to even discuss it on Wikipedia.)<br />
* WMF staff member Rand Montoya's 2009 Fundraising Survey never launched in 2009. Repeated requests for status updates went ignored for several months. Even a Foundation-level inquiry has been [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-December/056376.html met with silence]. Montoya left the Foundation in mid-2010, the Fundraising Survey still unlaunched.<br />
* A [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=2902 quality, not quantity] drive in 2006, as well as the post-Essjay "[http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=7090 Credentials Verification]" boondoggle of 2007 were announced to great fanfare in the tech media, but once Jimbo Wales and his crew got the public relations boost they wanted, the initiatives themselves just vanished.<br />
* A WikiProject of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists_of_topics topic lists] has existed since November 2007, but it is still half unfinished.<br />
* A call in January 2010 to diminish over 50,000 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Unreferenced_Biographies_of_Living_Persons entirely unreferenced biographies] of living people down to a more manageable 20,000 by September 1, 2010 met with failure. A full month after that milestone objective, over 24,000 biographies of living people still lurked on Wikipedia with not so much as a single reliable source to back up the content. To their credit, after yet another 14 months of work, the list was finally whittled down to less than 200; but as of June 2012, the list was back up over 700. So, to some degree, Wikipedia is the world's most-accessed reference where you can write a biography about a living person, without any citations to back up any content in the biography.<br />
<br />
Indeed, in a way, all those big donations that [[Directory:Wikimedia_Foundation/Grand_Donors|overly generous donors]] contributed have missed the target completely. To paraphrase [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?s=&showtopic=28967&view=findpost&p=227814 one insightful observer], '''it is not the Wikimedia Foundation that makes the Wikipedia, it is the editors'''. Giving money to the WMF is like leaving a gratuity for a cotton plantation owner because you like the quality of work the slaves are doing. Giving the slave owners an even bigger carrot to dangle over the heads of the worker donkeys who are ultimately going to feel the stick, not taste the carrot. It's irresponsible use of money; unethical.<br />
<br />
Where the money needs to go is exactly where the Foundation will not put it -- into quality copy-writing tutoring and services, as well as expert content adjudicators. Not to mention a healthy dose of political lobbying "on wiki" to rein in the more radical of the "free culture" zealots who think absolutely nothing of blocking tens of thousands of British users of the site, just to be able to proclaim as "art" [http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/12/wikipedia-block/ exploitative nude child photography] used in service of a mediocre metal rock band. Indeed, the Foundation recently [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikimedia-foundation-rules-on-naughty-bits paid a consultant] to count how many photographs of Caucasian penises reside on Wikimedia servers. That's where their priorities are.<br />
<br />
Surely, even the largest donors have never actually thought this through and never examined Wikipedia closely enough. They probably don't realize that the Wikimedia Foundation has nothing to do with the creation of content, that the content happens ''despite'' their involvement, not because of it. No, many fat donors simply received a polished and glossy public relations briefing with lot of juicy statistics that seduced them into making their bloated donation to the Wikimedia Foundation, who will simply stuff 50 cents of every donated dollar into a very fat bank account. <br />
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The money doesn't help Wikipedia improve. At all.<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia is a NSFW site lacking child-protection standards.==<br />
[[Image:Our_favorite_Wikipedia_image.jpg|thumb|175px|An actual free Wikimedia image. "Now, Miss, where is that donation?"]] Perhaps you're philosophically opposed to any form of censorship and think this is a daft point. Can you be sure that your shareholders, your customers, and the members of your local school board feel the same way? Wikipedia contains graphic material that might be morally contemptible in many countries -- even in the West. This includes images and articles depicting [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipple_piercing nipple piercings], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anilingus anilingus], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labia_piercing labia piercings], child <s>pornography</s> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_erotica erotica], various [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenum_piercing forms] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafada_piercing piercing] the penis, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strappado_bondage strappado bondage], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erotic_spanking erotic spanking], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incest_pornography incest pornography], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smotherbox smotherboxes], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtney_Cummz Courtney Cummz] and her directorial debut 'Face Invaders'. (For more examples of Wikipedia trash, see [[Worst of Wikipedia]].)<br />
<br />
It's not like Wikipedia is being asked to fully censor this content -- just show some self-restraint and perhaps flag it so that minors and other people who may be offended would have to exercise one additional click to view it. But, that seems to be too much to ask of the free-wheeling "free culture movement".<br />
<br />
Imagine notifying a permanent board member of an organization that he founded with the following message:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>''<nowiki>[We have learned...]</nowiki> that wiki administrators under the age of 18 are taking routine administrative actions in respect of images which could reasonably be described as pornography (in [http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Masturbating_Amy.jpg&diff=prev&oldid=31818520 this case], the administrator Julian C. is a self identified minor, and the image (which will appear if you click the link) is of a woman masturbating -- the file is called 'Masturbating Amy'. I'd like to see some external advice sought on this matter, and I'd like to see <nowiki>[[</nowiki>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Child_protection Wikipedia:Child protection]<nowiki>]]</nowiki> grow to contain some meaningful ideas for consideration.''</blockquote><br />
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Then, imagine the founder of the non-profit, tax-advantaged organization [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=332094768&oldid=332088177 responding]:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>''Hi privatemusings, yes, I'm aware of discussions in this area.--[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jimbo_Wales Jimbo Wales] 18:57, 16 December 2009 (UTC)''</blockquote><br />
<br />
The Wikimedia Foundation doesn't care about doing the least thing to protect children. That's the responsibility of parents! Imagine dropping off your young teenager to volunteer with some friends at the soup kitchen one morning, then one of the homeless men starts showing the youngster centerfolds from Hustler magazine. When you discover this, you go to the kitchen's director, and he says, "Yes, I'm aware of problems in this area," and then [http://discuss.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/zforum/99/navigator990218.htm his lawyer says], "I think if parents want to restrict children's access to adult material, that's fine... <nowiki>[but don't]</nowiki> infringe on either adults' rights or minors' rights."<br />
<br />
So, if you wish to support young boys administering pornography on a non-profit website, get out your checkbook and send $69 to the Wikimedia Foundation. Hey, what do you expect from an organization that hired as its Deputy Director a young man who promoted the notion during a [http://mashable.com/2008/05/08/erik-moeller-pedophilia/ scandalized] lecture [http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/4/4158/1.html about child pornography] that in the context of children, non-violent porn does no harm ("Gewaltfreie Pornographie schadet nicht")?<br />
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==Wikipedia is in a legally precarious position.==<br />
[[Section 230]] was designed to protect Internet service providers from libelous content generated by customers and re-distributed by the ISP. The Wikimedia Foundation has hidden behind this protection by claiming that it, too, is an "interactive computer service". We all know it's not, and one day, libel published on Wikipedia is going to lead to a courtroom test. Unaccountable administrators are given the "Oversight" capability to make problematic content literally "disappear", and the Foundation hopes that the warrant of these administrators is never traced back to their offices. For more on the history of noteworthy libel against innocent parties on Wikipedia, please look up the cases of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seigenthaler_incident John Seigenthaler], of [http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/fisk/robert-fisk-caught-in-the-deadly-web-of-the-internet-445561.html Taner Akcam], and of [http://www.itwire.com/content/view/9913/53/ Fuzzy Zoeller].<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia is unpredictable, inaccurate, and unmanageable.==<br />
Wikipedians have leaned on a so-called study by ''Nature'' magazine that supposedly proved Wikipedia's accuracy rivaled that of Encyclopedia Britannica. Even though the study was [http://news.cnet.com/Belatedly,-Britannica-lambastes-Wikipedia-findings/2100-1025_3-6053754.html faulty to the core], it still showed if you look only at scientific topics, and if you ignore the structure and clarity of the writing, and if you treat all inaccuracies as equivalent, then you would still conclude that Wikipedia is [http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2006/02/community_and_h.php about 32% less accurate] than Encyclopedia Britannica. <br />
<br />
In other research, the 100 articles about the hundred United States Senators [[Wikipedia Vandalism Study|have been shown]] to render erroneous, if not libelous, information about '''6.8% of the time'''. The Wikipedia leadership have been promising for over two years that a systematic fix for this kind of garbage (called "flagged revisions") is always just around the corner. It is time to [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=22057&hl= call the Wikipedia leadership on their obfuscation].<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Directory:The_Wikipedia_Point_of_View|The Wikipedia Point of View]]<br />
* [[The Six Rotten Pillars of Wikipedia]]<br />
* [[Criticism of Jimmy Wales]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia scandals]] (see also [[Wikipedia Vandalism Study]])<br />
* [[Wikipedia Vandalism]]<br />
* [[Directory:The Wikipedia Point of View/Wikimoney-a|Wikimoney-a]]<br />
* [[Nationalistic Editing on Wikipedia]]<br />
* [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito and Wikipedia| Wikipedia's bias towards Dictator Josip Broz Tito and Communist Yugoslavia]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/gregory-kohs Examiner.com news] exposing the Wikimedia Foundation<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Sanger Who is Larry Sanger?]<br />
* [http://wikipedia-watch.org Wikipediawatch tells it like it is, follow all the cool links!]<br />
*[http://www.wikipedia-watch.org/depress.html Wikipedia depression]<br />
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Filll/Disgusted Disgusted] - vote-rigging in Wikipedia elections.<br />
* ''[http://knol.google.com/k/david-blomstrom/wikipedia/1i6e04re3w2kp/5# Wikipedia: The Online Reference Anyone Can Edit]'' (David Blomstrom ).<br />
* ''[http://knol.google.com/k/carl-hewitt/corruption-of-wikipedia/pcxtp4rx7g1t/5# Corruption of Wikipedia (http://wikicensored.info)]'' (Carl Hewitt)<br />
* [http://wikipediareview.com/blog/20080104/criticisms-of-wikipedia Criticism of Wikipedia] by "Gomi" of Wikipedia Review.<br />
* [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=22070 Jimbo Wales Unilaterally Cashiers WMF's Section 230 Immunity, Declares Course Materials in Applied Ethics "Beyond Scope" of Project] by Moulton of Wikipedia Review<br />
* [http://wikipediareview.com/blog/20080229/sam-vaknin-wikipedias-six-cardinal-sins Wikipedia’s Six Cardinal Sins] by Sam Vaknin<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
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<div style="overflow:auto;height:1px;"><br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia scam]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia sham]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia boondoggle]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia fraud]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia sleaze]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia hoax]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia hoax]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia porn]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia ethics]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia scam]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia sham]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia boondoggle]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia fraud]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia sleaze]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia porn]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia ethics]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia donors]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia statistics]]<br />
[[Keyword::Who donated Wikipedia]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia donate]]<br />
[[Keyword::How much Wikipedia donations]]<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
[[Category:Wikipedia]]</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=Top_10_Reasons_Not_to_Donate_to_Wikipedia&diff=466366
Top 10 Reasons Not to Donate to Wikipedia
2015-06-11T15:39:40Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>__MATHJAX_NODOLLAR__<br />
{{toc right}}<br />
Every year the [[Directory:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] asks for financial contributions from unsuspecting donors who don't realize that 54 cents of every dollar they contribute will be wasted on ledger items that are ''not'' the program services that the Wikimedia 501(c)(3) is obligated to uphold. So, every year we publicize this list of the '''Top 10 Reasons Not to Donate to Wikipedia''', in hopes that more people will become educated about what's really going on behind Wikipedia. <br />
<br />
During the Wikimedia Foundation fundraising season, more than 1,000 people a day view this page. Thanks to excellent search engine rankings for the page, it is hoped that at least some of the readers who visit will be dissuaded from adding their donation to the Wikimedia Foundation's wasteful spending spree. And we're not the only voice that's critiquing the Wikimedia Foundation's waste and ineptitude:<br />
<br />
* [http://wikipediocracy.com/2015/05/10/wikimedia-fundraising-where-is-your-money-going/ Wikimedia Fundraising: Where Is Your Money Going?] - by Eric Barbour<br />
<br />
* [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2012/12/20/cash_rich_wikipedia_chugging/ Wikipedia doesn't need your money] - by Andrew Orlowski<br />
<br />
* [http://wikipediocracy.com/2014/09/21/wikipedia-keeping-it-free-just-pay-us-our-salaries/ Wikipedia – keeping it free. Just pay us our salaries] - by Andreas Kolbe<br />
<br />
And if you're wondering why this page kind of looks like crap, it's largely because the Wikimedia Foundation updated the Mediawiki software that thousands of wiki sites depend on, but the newer version was not backward-compatible with previous versions, such as the one this site was built on.<br />
<br />
==Wikimedia Foundation finances are suspect.==<br />
===Budget===<br />
In 2011, the Wikimedia Foundation called for a budget of approximately $20 million. However, one assessment contends that Wikipedia and all its sister projects could probably [http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091221141604AAEUCsW operate on a budget] of $1.6 million (including salaries for several IT developers), because over 99% of the actual work being done is accomplished by unpaid volunteers. A [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/4/4f/FINAL_08_09From_KPMG.pdf KPMG audit] reported that in 2009, the Wikimedia Foundation spent only $822,405 on Internet hosting fees, plus $1,259,161 in "operating" costs (which includes many of the unnecessary staff who had been hired in just the previous two years). Even this KPMG expense summary would dictate that $2.1 million would be sufficient for the Wikimedia Foundation, so why do they call for a budget nearly '''ten times''' what's actually needed? And look out, Wikimedia director Sue Gardner is [http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/2011-2012_Annual_Plan_Questions_and_Answers#What.27s_the_revenue_target_for_2011-12.2C_and_how_does_it_compare_to_previous_years.3F calling for] a 50%-larger budget of $29.5 million for 2012! Last year, she tallied up a 12% pay raise for herself, even amidst a severe economic downturn.<br />
<br />
===Governance===<br />
The Wikimedia Foundation has a history of unclear, tardy, and misleading financial statements. The early Form 990s filed by the Foundation stated that there was "no business relationship" between any of the Board members, even though 60% of the Board were simultaneously employed as key principals by the for-profit commercial enterprise, [[Directory:Wikia|Wikia, Inc.]] [[Image:Sue and WMF Staffers drinking champagne 2013-03-08.jpg|thumb|left|300px|WMF Executive Director Sue Gardner and other staff drinking sparkling wine and showing off some donor money. (You didn't think it all went toward web servers, did you?)]] Early on, the Wikimedia Foundation asked an attorney to design the organization as a membership body, but after his work was nearly complete, they [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Alex756 scrapped the idea], having suddenly realized that a majority vote of citizen-members could unseat a corrupt Board of Trustees and demand line-by-line financial accountability. The Foundation's insiders didn't want that possibility to threaten them, so they insulated themselves from a voting membership by remaining a non-member organization. Multiple top staff and former officers have privately expressed concern over [http://articles.latimes.com/2008/mar/10/business/fi-wikipedia10 financial wrongdoing] by certain board members. Indeed, the former Chief Operating Officer of the Foundation ([[Directory:Carolyn Doran|Carolyn Doran]]) was a wanted multi-count felon. The Foundation's former executive director and head legal counsel, Brad Patrick, resigned due to problems the organization had with him. Patrick's replacement as General Counsel would also have a short term in office, disappearing under a [http://www.examiner.com/article/wikipedia-s-top-attorney-says-goodbye shroud of mystery]. The Foundation lacks a Board of Trustees with a wide base of civic and social stakeholders. Almost to a person, they are cronies and insiders who were incubated within Wikipedia, or who have invested money in for-profit satellite projects of Wikipedia. The Foundation is by design narrow and weak, reflecting only the interests of a dysfunctional social networking community.<br />
<br />
===Salaries===<br />
The current Executive Director, Deputy Director, and their personal assistant had a [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/foundation/4/41/FY_2008_09_Annual_Plan.PDF reported compensation budget] and other expenses of $472,000, which was excessive for an organization of its size in 2008. At the same time as the above report, publicly-funded '''Earth Island Institute''' had revenue of about $6.5 million, 15 employees (practically the same size as the Wikimedia Foundation at the time, and headquarters in the very same city of San Francisco), but the CEO earned only $67,423. The Northern California chapter of the '''Arthritis Foundation''' had revenue of $5.1 million, but the CEO was paid only $45,050. '''Child Family Health International''' in San Francisco had revenue of $4.0 million and 11 employees, but the CEO earned only $82,000. Embarrassingly, when audited by Charity Navigator, for years the Wikimedia Foundation received only 1 star out of a possible four in the important category of ''Organizational Efficiency''. When you get right down to it, the money that people donate to the Wikimedia Foundation is more likely to be spent on an item that doesn't address the charitable mission of the organization than to be spent on something that does.<br />
<br />
===Growth===<br />
Ask yourself, how is Wikipedia inherently different now than it was in 2005? Other than an abortive attempt by Jimmy Wales to [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikimedia-commons-cannot-control-teen-pornography purge the site] of some images that could be construed as child pornography, there has been no major transformation at the site. Just some server volume growth -- a terribly cheap commodity to manage. <br />
<br />
::'''Question''': Why have the gross receipts escalated from $361,000 to a requested 2012 budget of $29.5 million? <br />
<br />
:::'''Answer''': Compensation for people not really doing anything besides watch the servers, enjoy global jet-setting, and run damage control for Jimbo's dalliances.<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia has too much power.==<br />
Wikipedia smothers out more authoritative, but less-linked-to sites in Google and other search engine rankings. Microsoft [http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/03/30/microsoft-encarta-dies-after-long-battle-with-wikipedia/?hp closed down Encarta], mainly due to the Wikipedia effect. Wikipedia has garnered an ability to set the 'truth' in mainstream media and blogs that consult it every day, without digging deeper to verify facts from independent sources. Controversial Wikipedia pages suffer from "ownership" by content bullies who drive off independent editors, all supported by administrator cabals who follow one another around, supporting reverted edits and editor blocks and bans. Wikipedia creates a monoculture of knowledge that is little different than a farmer who would make the mistake of planting just one type of crop, year after year.<br />
<br><br />
<br />
==Your donation will indirectly fund Wikia, Inc., which is not a charity.==<br />
Your non-profit donation will ultimately line the for-profit pockets of Jimmy Wales, Amazon, Google, the Bessemer Partners, and other corporate beneficiaries. How? Wikipedia is a commercial traffic engine. As of October 2011, there are over [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:LinkSearch&limit=5000&offset=25000&target=http%3A%2F%2F*.wikia.com 29,000 external links] from Wikipedia to Wales' Wikia.com sites, which are funded by Google AdSense revenues and custom advertising deals. These links are still being added to Wikipedia at the rate of over 500 per month. Did you know that Amazon invested $10,000,000 in the for-profit Wikia venture? It's therefore rather interesting that Wikipedia tolerates [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:LinkSearch&limit=5000&offset=75000&target=http%3A%2F%2F%2A.amazon.com over 76,000 links] to Amazon's retail site from the supposedly non-profit, no-advertising, anti-spam Wikipedia site. Isn't it? Meanwhile, did you know that the popular movie site IMDB.com is owned by Amazon, and you can buy Amazon products directly from IMDB pages? Well, surprise surprise -- there are [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:LinkSearch&limit=5000&offset=285000&target=http%3A%2F%2F%2A.IMDB.com over 285,000 links to Amazon's IMDB site] from Wikipedia. No wonder Amazon particularly wished to invest in Wikia, Inc. Its co-founder helps insure that the external linking environment on Wikipedia is hospitable for the Amazon link spamming!<br />
<br />
When Wales isn't enjoying all the link traffic to his for-profit site, he's actually actively in the process of self-dealing the volunteer community's labor into an exclusive content package for his own site. How? Well, take for example the fact that there was a Klingon language wiki hosted by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Wales then ordered it to be [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2005-August/023607.html shut down]. Where did it spring up again? On his Wikia, Inc. servers, of course!<br />
<br />
Now here is the really fascinating thing. If you go to Jimmy Wales' "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Jimbo_Wales talk page]" on Wikipedia, and you ask him whether he feels that either this act of theft of the Klingon wiki or the extraordinary number of links to his for-profit site and those of his investors might be a ''conflict of interest'' or ''self-dealing'', Jimbo won't even have time to respond. One or two of his loyal followers will fairly promptly dismiss or erase your message; and if you try one more time to ask this question, you're likely to get blocked from editing Wikipedia altogether. Go ahead, try it! If Jimmy answers the question and allows discussion on it, MyWikiBiz will donate $25 to the Wikimedia Foundation.<br />
<br />
If these facts are not enough to convince you that money makes its way through the back door to Wikia, Inc., then perhaps a look [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049340.html at the front door] is in order. The Wikimedia Foundation announced in January 2009 that it was to begin paying rent to Wikia, Inc. on a monthly basis, using tax-advantaged funds from the Ruth and Frank Stanton Fund. Did Wikia offer the lowest-priced rent solution to the Wikimedia Foundation? Not at all! After a [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049345.html frantic] back-and-forth [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049354.html attempt] by different [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049360.html agents] of the Wikimedia Foundation to [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049411.html explain] how this [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049389.html level] of [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049391.html self-dealing] was [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-January/049393.html allowed to happen], Wikia's CEO Gil Penchina finally revealed (a year later, January 4, 2010) in a personal e-mail:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>''They <nowiki>[the Wikimedia Foundation]</nowiki> approached us and asked if they could rent space on a temporary basis.. and I think it ended up being 4-6 months give or take. I thought about giving it to them for free and I wasn't sure which was worse... getting accused of bribing a non-profit for giving it away, or getting accused of stealing for a non-profit for charging... so we ended up asking them to get competitng (sic) quotes from other landlords so that THEY could feel comfortable with the decision.''</blockquote><br />
<br />
First there is a request to rent space from a hand-picked bidder, and only ''then'' a suggestion to get competing bids from other landlords? It sounds like someone at the Wikimedia Foundation wanted to make sure that Jimmy Wales' for-profit company had the inside track on that bid, worth many thousands of dollars. (Wikia would [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikia-deletes-ceo-gil-penchina replace its CEO] in 2011.)<br />
<br />
Meanwhile in August 2009, Matt Halprin, [http://www.omidyar.com/team/matt-halprin Partner of the Omidyar Network], was asked to join the Wikimedia Foundation board of trustees. Halprin is charged with an Omidyar team that "pursues investments in Social Media", and Omidyar invested part of $4 million into Wikia, Inc. in 2006. So, his company succeeds if Wikia makes a nice return on investment. It looks very fishy to have a new Wikimedia Foundation board member who's a partner at a firm that invested some portion of $4 million into the privately-held firm of the "Emeritus Chair" of the Foundation. In fact, you'd be hard pressed to explain how this is just a "coincidence", being that there were probably more than a thousand other equally-qualified stars of social media who could have been selected, who have not a single tie back to funding Wikia, Inc. What are the odds? At the Wikimedia Foundation, the double-dealing simply defies the laws of probability.<br />
<br />
==The Wikimedia Foundation's leadership leaves much to be desired.==<br />
* '''Jimbo Wales''', ''Chairman Emeritus'' - Hired a [http://www.zdnet.com/blog/ratcliffe/wikipedia-why-does-essjay-need-to-protect-himself/271 liar] using the nickname "Essjay", then told the press he "didn't really have a problem with it"; showed little fiscal economy when discussing [http://valleywag.gawker.com/365219/modest-frugal-jimmy-wales-flies-first+class airfares to Korea]; not to mention his [[Criticism of Jimmy Wales|other transgressions]]. In 2012, Wales [http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/01/20/one-on-one-jimmy-wales-of-wikipedia/ admitted] to the New York Times, regarding the Wikimedia Foundation, "We're really bad at business."<br />
* '''Sue Gardner''', ''Executive Director'' - Admits to awarding [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikimedia-foundation-director-admits-to-sweetheart-contracts sweetheart contracts], against her own policies on disbursements.<br />
[[Image:Erik_Moeller_and_James_Forrester_at_Wikimania_2007.jpg|thumb|left|175px|Erik Moeller (left) at a Wikimania conference]]<br />
* '''Erik Moeller''', ''Deputy Director'' - Has held some extremely [http://www.cydeweys.com/blog/2008/05/08/erik-moller-wmf/ uncomfortable public views] about child pornography and pedophilia.<br />
* '''Angela Beesley''', ''Chair of the Advisory Board'' - Routinely edits the Wikipedia article about Wikia, the company she co-founded with Wales, and adds external links to Wikia, all against Wikipedia community guidelines.<br />
* '''Mike Godwin''', ''former lead counsel'' - Before mysteriously [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikipedia-s-top-attorney-says-goodbye disappearing from] the WMF, Godwin attempted to edit Wikipedia anonymously, [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Conflict_of_interest/Noticeboard&oldid=260671486#Mike_Godwin_editing_Wikipedia_with_a_COI against community guidelines] that discourage self-promotion.<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia is more a roleplaying game than an encyclopedia.==<br />
While Wikipedia is disguised as an encyclopedia, it is actually nothing more than a fluid forum where ultimate editorial control belongs to a corps of administrators, most of whom act without real-world accountability because they don't reveal their real names, locations, and potential conflicts of interest -- even though they will not hesitate, through "complex investigations", to "out" the real names, locations, and perceived conflicts of interest of other, non-administrative editors. Why give your real-world dollars to a virtual-world multi-player forum? Have you made your donation to Second Life, too?<br />
<br />
==Small donations make Wikipedia irresponsible.== <br />
Having over 100,000 small donors funding more than 60% of a non-profit's income actually reduces accountability to the donors. Because the donations are very small (about $30, on average), no one has sufficient influence over the Wikimedia Foundation to reach a threshold of accountability. On the other hand, large institutional giving, large gifts by wealthy individual donors, and government grants all facilitate accountability. Embarrassing scandals, vandalism to biographies about living persons, and lack of proper concern for children can be shaken off like water off a duck's back when raised by micro-donors. Not so when a foundational grant, ultra-affluent person, or government agency have a larger stake on the line. So, if you plan to contribute less than $5,000 to the Wikimedia Foundation, you would better encourage more accountability by donating that money instead to another organization, and let them determine if the Wikimedia Foundation is an ethical investment or not. Do you want to be the next Fritz Thyssen, Albert Vögler, or Emil Kirdorf?<br />
<br />
==They don't get the job done.==<br />
There have been a number of Wikipedia projects or initiatives that have been launched with at least some fanfare and/or promise that they are important and that they will be carried out.<br />
<br />
''But then they fail.''<br />
<br />
Some examples:<br />
* The [http://brianna.modernthings.org/article/213/reflections-on-pgip-phase-1 Greenspun illustration grant] was received, but less than 10% of it was disbursed properly.<br />
* In August 2010, an [http://www.examiner.com/examiner/x-58002-Wiki-Edits-Examiner~y2010m8d3-Wikijunior-took-the-money-but-no-books-printed investigative news report] revealed that years ago the Wikimedia Foundation accepted $25,000 in grant money from the John and Frances Beck Foundation. The money was supposed to have been used to print short booklets about different subjects appropriate for 7- to 12-year-old children. However, not a single dollar from this grant was actually spent on printing books for this special project. And the Wikimedia Foundation ''refuses to talk'' about what did happen to the money. All we know is that the Beck Foundation says, "we no longer support Wikipedia, Wikimedia, or Wikijunior...". Where do you think the $25,000 [http://www.mywikibiz.com/File:Captain_Jimbo.jpg went]?<br />
* We are still waiting for Flagged Revisions implementation (now renamed "Pending Changes") on English Wikipedia (a [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Flagged_revisions/Sighted_versions&diff=prev&oldid=154463978 dream] since August 2007, a [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=261790016 suggestion] since January 2009, a Foundation-level [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=prev&oldid=265584048 proposal] since January 2009, and a call to [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Advisory_Council_on_Project_Development/Forum&diff=prev&oldid=302095508 raise hell] if not implemented by September 25, 2009).<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Not_The_Wikipedia_Weekly/Episode_45 Release of Episode 45] on Wikivoices is permanently suppressed. (So volatile an issue, we are [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk:Wikivoices&diff=next&oldid=316384628 forbidden] to even discuss it on Wikipedia.)<br />
* WMF staff member Rand Montoya's 2009 Fundraising Survey never launched in 2009. Repeated requests for status updates went ignored for several months. Even a Foundation-level inquiry has been [http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/foundation-l/2009-December/056376.html met with silence]. Montoya left the Foundation in mid-2010, the Fundraising Survey still unlaunched.<br />
* A [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=2902 quality, not quantity] drive in 2006, as well as the post-Essjay "[http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=7090 Credentials Verification]" boondoggle of 2007 were announced to great fanfare in the tech media, but once Jimbo Wales and his crew got the public relations boost they wanted, the initiatives themselves just vanished.<br />
* A WikiProject of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists_of_topics topic lists] has existed since November 2007, but it is still half unfinished.<br />
* A call in January 2010 to diminish over 50,000 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Unreferenced_Biographies_of_Living_Persons entirely unreferenced biographies] of living people down to a more manageable 20,000 by September 1, 2010 met with failure. A full month after that milestone objective, over 24,000 biographies of living people still lurked on Wikipedia with not so much as a single reliable source to back up the content. To their credit, after yet another 14 months of work, the list was finally whittled down to less than 200; but as of June 2012, the list was back up over 700. So, to some degree, Wikipedia is the world's most-accessed reference where you can write a biography about a living person, without any citations to back up any content in the biography.<br />
<br />
Indeed, in a way, all those big donations that [[Directory:Wikimedia_Foundation/Grand_Donors|overly generous donors]] contributed have missed the target completely. To paraphrase [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?s=&showtopic=28967&view=findpost&p=227814 one insightful observer], '''it is not the Wikimedia Foundation that makes the Wikipedia, it is the editors'''. Giving money to the WMF is like leaving a gratuity for a cotton plantation owner because you like the quality of work the slaves are doing. Giving the slave owners an even bigger carrot to dangle over the heads of the worker donkeys who are ultimately going to feel the stick, not taste the carrot. It's irresponsible use of money; unethical.<br />
<br />
Where the money needs to go is exactly where the Foundation will not put it -- into quality copy-writing tutoring and services, as well as expert content adjudicators. Not to mention a healthy dose of political lobbying "on wiki" to rein in the more radical of the "free culture" zealots who think absolutely nothing of blocking tens of thousands of British users of the site, just to be able to proclaim as "art" [http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2008/12/wikipedia-block/ exploitative nude child photography] used in service of a mediocre metal rock band. Indeed, the Foundation recently [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/wikimedia-foundation-rules-on-naughty-bits paid a consultant] to count how many photographs of Caucasian penises reside on Wikimedia servers. That's where their priorities are.<br />
<br />
Surely, even the largest donors have never actually thought this through and never examined Wikipedia closely enough. They probably don't realize that the Wikimedia Foundation has nothing to do with the creation of content, that the content happens ''despite'' their involvement, not because of it. No, many fat donors simply received a polished and glossy public relations briefing with lot of juicy statistics that seduced them into making their bloated donation to the Wikimedia Foundation, who will simply stuff 50 cents of every donated dollar into a very fat bank account. <br />
<br />
The money doesn't help Wikipedia improve. At all.<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia is a NSFW site lacking child-protection standards.==<br />
[[Image:Our_favorite_Wikipedia_image.jpg|thumb|175px|An actual free Wikimedia image. "Now, Miss, where is that donation?"]] Perhaps you're philosophically opposed to any form of censorship and think this is a daft point. Can you be sure that your shareholders, your customers, and the members of your local school board feel the same way? Wikipedia contains graphic material that might be morally contemptible in many countries -- even in the West. This includes images and articles depicting [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipple_piercing nipple piercings], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anilingus anilingus], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labia_piercing labia piercings], child <s>pornography</s> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_erotica erotica], various [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenum_piercing forms] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafada_piercing piercing] the penis, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strappado_bondage strappado bondage], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erotic_spanking erotic spanking], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incest_pornography incest pornography], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smotherbox smotherboxes], and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtney_Cummz Courtney Cummz] and her directorial debut 'Face Invaders'. (For more examples of Wikipedia trash, see [[Worst of Wikipedia]].)<br />
<br />
It's not like Wikipedia is being asked to fully censor this content -- just show some self-restraint and perhaps flag it so that minors and other people who may be offended would have to exercise one additional click to view it. But, that seems to be too much to ask of the free-wheeling "free culture movement".<br />
<br />
Imagine notifying a permanent board member of an organization that he founded with the following message:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>''<nowiki>[We have learned...]</nowiki> that wiki administrators under the age of 18 are taking routine administrative actions in respect of images which could reasonably be described as pornography (in [http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Masturbating_Amy.jpg&diff=prev&oldid=31818520 this case], the administrator Julian C. is a self identified minor, and the image (which will appear if you click the link) is of a woman masturbating -- the file is called 'Masturbating Amy'. I'd like to see some external advice sought on this matter, and I'd like to see <nowiki>[[</nowiki>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Child_protection Wikipedia:Child protection]<nowiki>]]</nowiki> grow to contain some meaningful ideas for consideration.''</blockquote><br />
<br />
Then, imagine the founder of the non-profit, tax-advantaged organization [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jimbo_Wales&diff=332094768&oldid=332088177 responding]:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>''Hi privatemusings, yes, I'm aware of discussions in this area.--[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jimbo_Wales Jimbo Wales] 18:57, 16 December 2009 (UTC)''</blockquote><br />
<br />
The Wikimedia Foundation doesn't care about doing the least thing to protect children. That's the responsibility of parents! Imagine dropping off your young teenager to volunteer with some friends at the soup kitchen one morning, then one of the homeless men starts showing the youngster centerfolds from Hustler magazine. When you discover this, you go to the kitchen's director, and he says, "Yes, I'm aware of problems in this area," and then [http://discuss.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/zforum/99/navigator990218.htm his lawyer says], "I think if parents want to restrict children's access to adult material, that's fine... <nowiki>[but don't]</nowiki> infringe on either adults' rights or minors' rights."<br />
<br />
So, if you wish to support young boys administering pornography on a non-profit website, get out your checkbook and send $69 to the Wikimedia Foundation. Hey, what do you expect from an organization that hired as its Deputy Director a young man who promoted the notion during a [http://mashable.com/2008/05/08/erik-moeller-pedophilia/ scandalized] lecture [http://www.heise.de/tp/r4/artikel/4/4158/1.html about child pornography] that in the context of children, non-violent porn does no harm ("Gewaltfreie Pornographie schadet nicht")?<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia is in a legally precarious position.==<br />
[[Section 230]] was designed to protect Internet service providers from libelous content generated by customers and re-distributed by the ISP. The Wikimedia Foundation has hidden behind this protection by claiming that it, too, is an "interactive computer service". We all know it's not, and one day, libel published on Wikipedia is going to lead to a courtroom test. Unaccountable administrators are given the "Oversight" capability to make problematic content literally "disappear", and the Foundation hopes that the warrant of these administrators is never traced back to their offices. For more on the history of noteworthy libel against innocent parties on Wikipedia, please look up the cases of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seigenthaler_incident John Seigenthaler], of [http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/fisk/robert-fisk-caught-in-the-deadly-web-of-the-internet-445561.html Taner Akcam], and of [http://www.itwire.com/content/view/9913/53/ Fuzzy Zoeller].<br />
<br />
==Wikipedia is unpredictable, inaccurate, and unmanageable.==<br />
Wikipedians have leaned on a so-called study by ''Nature'' magazine that supposedly proved Wikipedia's accuracy rivaled that of Encyclopedia Britannica. Even though the study was [http://news.cnet.com/Belatedly,-Britannica-lambastes-Wikipedia-findings/2100-1025_3-6053754.html faulty to the core], it still showed if you look only at scientific topics, and if you ignore the structure and clarity of the writing, and if you treat all inaccuracies as equivalent, then you would still conclude that Wikipedia is [http://www.roughtype.com/archives/2006/02/community_and_h.php about 32% less accurate] than Encyclopedia Britannica. <br />
<br />
In other research, the 100 articles about the hundred United States Senators [[Wikipedia Vandalism Study|have been shown]] to render erroneous, if not libelous, information about '''6.8% of the time'''. The Wikipedia leadership have been promising for over two years that a systematic fix for this kind of garbage (called "flagged revisions") is always just around the corner. It is time to [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=22057&hl= call the Wikipedia leadership on their obfuscation].<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
* [[Directory:The_Wikipedia_Point_of_View|The Wikipedia Point of View]]<br />
* [[The Six Rotten Pillars of Wikipedia]]<br />
* [[Criticism of Jimmy Wales]]<br />
* [[Wikipedia scandals]] (see also [[Wikipedia Vandalism Study]])<br />
* [[Wikipedia Vandalism]]<br />
* [[Directory:The Wikipedia Point of View/Wikimoney-a|Wikimoney-a]]<br />
* [[Nationalistic Editing on Wikipedia]]<br />
* [[Directory:Josip Broz Tito and Wikipedia| Wikipedia's bias towards Dictator Josip Broz Tito and Communist Yugoslavia]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* [http://www.examiner.com/wiki-edits-in-national/gregory-kohs Examiner.com news] exposing the Wikimedia Foundation<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_Sanger Who is Larry Sanger?]<br />
* [http://wikipedia-watch.org Wikipediawatch tells it like it is, follow all the cool links!]<br />
*[http://www.wikipedia-watch.org/depress.html Wikipedia depression]<br />
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Filll/Disgusted Disgusted] - vote-rigging in Wikipedia elections.<br />
* ''[http://knol.google.com/k/david-blomstrom/wikipedia/1i6e04re3w2kp/5# Wikipedia: The Online Reference Anyone Can Edit]'' (David Blomstrom ).<br />
* ''[http://knol.google.com/k/carl-hewitt/corruption-of-wikipedia/pcxtp4rx7g1t/5# Corruption of Wikipedia (http://wikicensored.info)]'' (Carl Hewitt)<br />
* [http://wikipediareview.com/blog/20080104/criticisms-of-wikipedia Criticism of Wikipedia] by "Gomi" of Wikipedia Review.<br />
* [http://wikipediareview.com/index.php?showtopic=22070 Jimbo Wales Unilaterally Cashiers WMF's Section 230 Immunity, Declares Course Materials in Applied Ethics "Beyond Scope" of Project] by Moulton of Wikipedia Review<br />
* [http://wikipediareview.com/blog/20080229/sam-vaknin-wikipedias-six-cardinal-sins Wikipedia’s Six Cardinal Sins] by Sam Vaknin<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
<br><br />
<div style="overflow:auto;height:1px;"><br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia scam]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia sham]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia boondoggle]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia fraud]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia sleaze]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia hoax]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia hoax]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia porn]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia ethics]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia scam]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia sham]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia boondoggle]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia fraud]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia sleaze]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia porn]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikimedia ethics]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia donors]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia statistics]]<br />
[[Keyword::Who donated Wikipedia]]<br />
[[Keyword::Wikipedia donate]]<br />
[[Keyword::How much Wikipedia donations]]<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
[[Category:Wikipedia]]</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=Korcula_Dialect&diff=463978
Korcula Dialect
2014-08-20T12:31:09Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:800px-Korcula City.jpg|thumb|right|325px| Town of Korcula. <br />
<br />
''Photo link for a [http://www.apartmanija.hr/slike/slike_gradovi/korcula.jpg '''aerial view''' ] of old Korcula Town.'']]<br />
[[File:250px-Croatia-Dalmatia-1.jpg|thumb|right|400px|Dalmatia (the dark purple) within todays modern [[Croatia]] The island of Korcula is marked red.]]<br />
<br />
'''Korcula dialect''' (or Korčulanski) is a Croatian dialect from the island of Korčula. The island of Korčula lies just off the Dalmatian coast in [[Croatia]]. The language base of the Korčula dialect is Chakavian Croatian (it is also intermixed with Shtokavian). The dialect has remnants of the extinct [[Latin]] Romance language, ''Dalmatian''. The Dalmatian remnants within the dialect have been sometimes referred to as Corzulot.Additionally it has influences of Venetian.<br />
<br />
The local dialect in the past was referred (and is still sometimes today) to as ''Naski'' or more correctly ''Naški''.The '''š''' is pronounced '''sh'''. Sir John Gardner Wilkinson, a 19 century [[United Kingdom|English]] historian, referred to the Dalmatian Slavic dialect as Illirskee.<br />
<br />
== Examples ==<br />
Examples of '''Corzulot''' words compared with Vegliot, English and Croatian:<br />
<br />
Corzulot - Dalmatian Vegliot - English - Croatian <br />
* buža - bus - hole - rupa <br />
* čimitir - chimitier - graveyard - groblje<br />
* dent - diant - teeth - zubi<br />
* faculet - fazuol - handkerchief - rubac<br />
* fatiga - fatica - work - radi<br />
* fermaj - fermai - stop - stoj<br />
* jeloz - golaus - jealous - ljubomoran<br />
* kantat - cantar - to sing - pjevati (Latin: canto)<br />
<br />
'''Encyclopedia Britannica''' on Vegliot: {{quote|''Romance language formerly spoken along the Dalmatian coast from the island of Veglia (modern Krk) to Ragusa (modern Dubrovnik). Ragusan Dalmatian probably disappeared in the 17th century. The Vegliot Dalmatian dialect became extinct in the 19th century''.}}<br />
<br />
==Additional examples of words from the Korcula dialect of Croatia ==<br />
<br />
(Korčula dialect - '''English''' - Croatian)<br />
{{col-begin}}<br />
{{col-break}}<br />
* adio - goodbye - doviđenja<br />
* afitat - rent ('''Venetian''':afìt)<br />
* aimemeni - poor me ''or'' oh dear<br />
* alavia - done properly ''or'' it's Ok! - u redu<br />
* apoteka - pharmacy (Venetian: apoteca)<br />
* arbol - ship's mast (In Venetian it means ''tree'')<br />
* aria - air - zdrak (Venetian: aria)<br />
* arma - armed (Venetian: arma)<br />
* avižat - to arrive - došao<br />
* baleta - bullet - metak (Venetian: bal)<br />
* banda - side - strana (In Venetian it means ''side & flank'') <br />
* balun - football (Venetian: balón)<br />
* banak - bench (Venetian: banca) <br />
* baraka - shed ''or'' shack (Venetian: baràca)<br />
* barba - uncle - stric (Venetian: barba)<br />
* barilo - barrel (Venetian: barìla)<br />
* barka - type of local boat (Venetian: bàrca)<br />
* bat - a type of hammer (Venetian: batu meaning to strike)<br />
* bevanda - wine with water - vino sa vodom (Venetian: bevànda ''"watery wine"'')<br />
* beštija - animal - životinja ([[latin|Latin]]: bestia ''also'' beast)<br />
* beštimat - swear (Venetian: bestiemàr)<br />
* bičve - socks - čarape<br />
* bićerin - small glass (Venetian: bicér ''"glass"'')<br />
* Brigela - local nickname (Venetian: brighela ''joker'')<br />
* bobon - lolly <br />
* boca - bottle - flaša (Venetian: boca)<br />
* bonaca - the sea is dead calm (Venetian: bonàça)<br />
* botilja - bottle ('''Romance Dalmatian''': ''botaila'') <br />
* botun - button (Romance Dalmatian: ''botaun'')<br />
* bravo - well done<br />
* buka - noisy (Romance Dalmatian: ''mouth'')<br />
* bukva - herring<br />
* bura - local wind<br />
* butiga - shop<br />
* buža - hole - rupa (Venetian: bus ''or'' buxa) <br />
* cilo - wine without water - vino bez vode<br />
* cukar - sugar - šečer (Venetian: sucaro) <br />
* čakule - gossip<br />
* čagalj - jackal<br />
* čorav - blind (Venetian: ciòro ''"blind person"'')<br />
* damižana - a netted bottle<br />
* daž - rain - kiša<br />
* Dreto - straight (Romance Dalmatian: drat)<br />
* '''Defora''' in old Venetian means ''"from the outside"''.<br />
* Di greš?- Where are you going?<br />
* faca - face - lice (Venetian: faca)<br />
* fabrika - factory - tvornica (Latin: fabrica- manufacture ''or'' to craft, trade, art, trick, device)<br />
* fabrikat - to trick<br />
* falso - fake (Venetian: falso "liar")<br />
* feral - a gas or petroleum lamp for attracting fish (night fishing). Also in Venetian feral means "lamp". <br />
* fermai - stop - stani <br />
* feta - slice (Venetian: feta)<br />
* figura - figure (Venetian: figura)<br />
* fjaka - When one feels sleepy on a lazy summer day afternoon. <br />
* forma - shape (Venetian: forma)<br />
* fraja - to go out and have a good time (Venetian: fraja-happy company ''or'' happy bunch)<br />
* frigati - to fry (Romance Dalmatian: fregur)<br />
* forca - power (apply with strength)<br />
* fortuna - strong wind<br />
* fratar - priest (Latin: frater ''meaning'' brother)<br />
* fuga - gap (Latin: flight, escape)<br />
* fumar - chimney (Venetian: fuma ''meaning'' smoke)<br />
* fumati - smoking - pušiti<br />
* furešti - foreigner - stranac<br />
* gira - a fish from [[Croatia]]. <br />
* griža - a form of very hard stone<br />
* gundula - type of boat<br />
* gusti - enjoyment (Venetian: gusto-pleasurable)<br />
* gusto - thick<br />
* gustrina - underground rainwater reservoir <br />
* guzica - bottom<br />
* hoča - lets go<br />
* izilo - eaten<br />
* kadena - chain (Romance Dalmatian:''kataina'')<br />
* kajić - type of local boat<br />
* '''Kalafat''' - means masters (shipyard workers) who filled the fissures between boards on a wooden boat.<br />
* kamara - bedroom - soba (Latin: camera-vault, vaulted room) <br />
* kantat - to sing - pjevati (Latin: canto)<br />
* kapula - onion - luk (Romance Dalmatian: ''kapula'')<br />
* karoca - small carriage (Venetian: carosa) <br />
* katrida - chair - stolica (Romance Dalmatian: '' katraida'')<br />
* katun - corner (Latin: cantus) <br />
{{col-break}}<br />
* '''klapa''' - an a cappella form of music (Venetian:clapa ''"singing crowd"'')<br />
* koltrine - curtains<br />
* kontra - against - protiv (Latin: contra) <br />
* korač - hammer<br />
* kormilo - rudder<br />
* kurijozan - curiosity<br />
* kužin - cousin - rođak (Venetian: cuxìn)<br />
* lacun - bed sheets<br />
* lapis - pencil - olovka (Venetian: apis)<br />
* lavadin - washbasin (Venetian: lavandin)<br />
* lešada - a type of fish soup (boiled)/ Lesada in Venetian means ''boil''.<br />
* leut - type of local boat<br />
* levant - local wind<br />
* libro - book - knjiga<br />
* licenca - licence - dozvola (Venetian: icenca)<br />
* lipo - nice ''or'' beautiful - ljepo<br />
* maistral - local wind<br />
* makina - machine<br />
* '''Malandrin''' - Local nickname. In Venetian it means: ''dishonest or crook''<br />
* mat - mother - majka<br />
* Maragun - wood worker (Venetian: Marangòn)<br />
* mapa - map (Venetian: mapa)<br />
* meća - to throw<br />
* mezo - in between (Venetian: mèzo ''"half"'')<br />
* mlinko - milk<br />
* motika - local agricultural tool<br />
* mudante - underwear (Venetian: mudande)<br />
* noštromo - boatswain<br />
* parića - to prepare <br />
* pamidora - tomato ([[Italy|Italian]] pamidore)<br />
* pandur - policemen - policija (Venetian: panduro)<br />
* papit - this ''word'' is used when feeding a child - jedi djete (Venetian: papa-means ''baby food'')<br />
* perun - fork (Venetian: pirón ''from'' [[Greece|Greek]]: pirouni)<br />
* piat - plate<br />
* pikolo - small, little (Venetian: picolo)<br />
* '''Pelišac''' - Pelješac (other names used: Stonski Rat, Puncta Stagni, Ponta di Stagno and Sabioncello)<br />
* pirula - pill - tableta (Venetian: pirola)<br />
* pistun - piston (Venetian: piston)<br />
* pitura - paint (Venetian: pitura-painting)<br />
* '''poć na ribe''' - going fishing - ići na ribanje<br />
* PolaUNIQ93825a30d9cd14a0-ref-0000007B-QINU - Pula (A city in today's modern Croatia)<br />
* postoli - shoes - cipele<br />
* postelja - bed<br />
* potato - potato - krumpir<br />
* punistra - window (Latin: fenestra) <br />
* rič - word<br />
* ritko - not often<br />
* setemana - week - tijedan (Venetian: setemana) <br />
* spim - I'm sleeping<br />
* skula - school - škola<br />
* soldi - money - novac (Latin: solidus) <br />
* soto - underneath - ispod (Venetian: sot ''or'' soto) <br />
* šestan - attractive or good looking (Venetian:sesto-grace, well mannered)<br />
* šija - reverse - natrag <br />
* šiloko - local wind (Venetian: siròco) <br />
* škoj - island - otok<br />
* škver - shipyard - brodgradilište<br />
* špirit - spirit<br />
* šporko - dirty (Venetian: spórco) <br />
* štrada - street - ulica<br />
* šufit - attic ''or'' loft (Venetian: sofìta) <br />
* šugaman - beach towel<br />
* tata - father - otac<br />
* torta - a type of cake (Venetian: torta) <br />
* tavajol - tablecloth (Venetian: toaja) <br />
* temple'' or'' timpre - temple (anatomical)<br />
* terpeza - table - stol<br />
* ura - hour - jedan sat<br />
* vapor - ferry - trajekt (Venetian: Bapor meaning ''steamship'') <br />
* vara vamo - move on<br />
* vedro - clear sky <br />
* vijaž (''or'' vijaz) - meaning a sailors tour <br />
* vrime (''or'' brime) - weather - vrijeme<br />
* Vi ga niste vidili - You did not see him.<br />
* zeje - local dish<br />
* zrcalo - mirror - ogledalo<br />
{{col-end}}<br />
</div><br />
<br />
Each town and village on the island have their own unique version of the dialect. The Korčula dialect is found in the local folk music. The local Klape groups (an a cappella form of music) sing using the Korčula dialect. The well know Croatian singer, ''Oliver Dragojevic'', has used the dialect in his music.<br />
[[File:Ostojic's page 1.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Ostojic's page from the '''1878''' issue of his book on the history of the island of Korčula (Curzola).]]<br />
<br />
----<br />
One of Korčula's older names was Curzola. The island was from 1420 to 1797 part of the ''Republic of Venice''. The Old-Slavic term was Krkar. According to [[Directory:Korcula History|Nikola Ostojic]] (Compendio Storico dell Isola di Curzola) the Greeks named it "Black Corfu" (Kórkyra Melaena) after their homeland and the dense woods on the island. <br />
<br />
'''Note''': The last Italian language government school was abolished in Korčula (Curzola) on the 13th of September 1876.<br />
* Information below taken from Beginnings of Formal Education - Vela Luka:<br />
''Italian language was not only the official language in all public Dalmatian establishments, but also was the spoken language in a significant number of white-collar, civil service and merchant families in the cities and major markets within towns''<br />
* From the late 19th century onwards the old [[Dalmatian Italians#The Cultural and Historical Venetian Presence in Dalmatia |Dalmatian]] culture has been all but disappearing from the region.<br />
<br />
== Additional History ==<br />
<br />
===Arneri Lords of Korcula===<br />
<br />
Historic quote taken from ''Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic'' written by Andrew Archibald Paton in '''1861'''. Chapter 4 - The Dalmatian Archipelago on page 164. <br />
* Signor Arneri from the town of Korčula stated to Andrew Archibald Paton: <br />
<br />
{{quote| ''These three pears you see on the wall," said he, "are the arms of my family. Perussich was the name, when, in the earlier part of the fifteenth century, my ancestors built this palace; so that, you see, I am Dalmatian. All the family, fathers, sons, and brothers, used to serve in the fleets of the Republic (Editors notes: Republic of Venice); but the hero of our race was Arneri Perussich, whose statue you see there, who fought, bled, and died at the Siege of Candia,whose memory was honoured by the Republic, and whose surviving family was liberally pensioned; so his name of our race. We became Arneri, and ceased to be Perussich''<br />
Andrew Archibald Paton (1811-1874) was a British diplomat and writer from the 19 century he visited Korčula in the early 1860s.}}<br />
<br />
=== Canon Pietro Casola's Pilgrimage to Jerusalem ===<br />
* Below is Pietro Casola writing about Korčula (Curzola) in '''1494''':<br />
{{quote|''On Friday, the 13th of June, we left the canal of Lesina (Hvar-Editors note) after sunrise and made sail with a very slight wind ; but as the day advanced the wind improved and we came opposite the citadel of Curzola (Note '''58'''), which is beautiful to look at from the outside. The captain did not wish to stop there for fear of losing the favourable wind, and thus we passed by, and could only admire the place from the outside; it is said to be sixty miles from Lesina. The captain related that a few years ago King Ferdinand, the former King of Naples, sent his fleet there to pry and steal it from the Venetians, but he failed completely because the people of Curzola were valiant, and defended themselves from that attack without additional help from the Signoria of Venice, to whom they are subject.'' (p171)}}<br />
<br />
{{quote|''Curzola: Reached Curzola, ('''1.''') a citadel in Dalmatia, and as bright and clean as a beautiful jewel. It has no drawbridges, but it has strong walls, and it will be stronger still when a wall is finished which has been begun towards the sea. At first sight the said citadel appears to be flat, but one perceives on entering it that all the streets ascend a little. The streets are narrow and dark, but they are paved with stones. The city is built on a rock. Many of the houses are built in the modern style and are handsome enough for a great city. They are built of white stone like marble and sculptured. It was a marvel to me to see so many beautiful houses in that place. The Cathedral Church, considering its importance and also that of the city, is beautiful. It is entirely built of beautiful squared stones.''<br />
''The choir is beautiful and the church is well served. The said citadel is full of people. The men dress in public like the Venetians, and almost all of them know the Italian tongue. When I asked the reason, was told it was because they often go to Venice. Their women cannot fear the cold. They go about with their chests and shoulders entirely uncovered from the breasts upwards,and they arrange so that their breasts hold up their clothes and prevent them from falling down on to their feet.'' <br />
<br />
''The place seems to me poor in everything save wine, which is abundant and good. The island is not much cultivated because the greater part of the men are galeotti and continually at sea. Most of the pilgrims landed, thinking to find a good supper. But there is no fish to be had there, although he place is in the midst of the sea, no eggs, no cheese. There was hot bread, for, as soon as the people heard of the arrival of the galley, every man ran to make bread in order to earn a little money; it was good, and so was the wine. There were dried figs and also some raisins, but everything was dear.'' <br />
<br />
''We stayed there until the following morning, every man being warned, however, that if he wanted to come further, he must sleep on board the galley. Certain Ragusans remained behind and some friars who wished to return to Ragusa (Dubrovnik-Editors note), which we had passed by owing to the force of the wind. On Saturday, the 18th of October, which was the festival of Saint Luke the Evangelist, we left Curzola. Only one sail, the terzarola, was spread, because there was a very high though favourable wind — that is, the scirocco, and with the said sail alone we made, according to the estimate of the mariners, fifteen miles an hour.'' <br />
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* ('''1.''') In 1494 the Venetian Count or Governor of Curzola was Ser Simon Capello, who remained there three years, until January, 1496. Segretario alle Voci, Reg. vi. p, 68. Archives of Venice. (p327,p328)}}<br />
*'Note 58''': Curzola. The battle referred to by Casola took place in August, 1483. During the war between Venice and Ferrara (1482 — 1484), King Ferdinand of Naples, in support of his son-in-law the Duke of Ferrara, sent a fleet against Curzola. It was defeated by the inhabitants under Giorgio Viario, the then Count or Governor.'' (p377) <br />
[[File:St Damian.jpg|thumb|right|400px|The '''Chapel''' of Saint Cosmas (Kuzma) and Saint Damian on the island of Korcula. The foundations are from the 6th century AD, whilst the rest of the ''Chapel'' was rebuilt in the 11 century.Photo by [[Peter Zuvela]] ]]<br />
[[File:85px-Coat of arms of Dalmatia crowned.svg.png|thumb|right|125px|Dalmatia's Coat of arms]]<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Directory:Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula| Korcula History (Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula)]]<br />
* [[Dalmatian Italians#The Cultural and Historical Venetian Presence in Dalmatia|The Cultural and Historical Venetian Presence in Dalmatia-Croatia]]<br />
* [[Defence of Korcula]]<br />
* [[Directory:Korcula History 2 |Korcula History, Romans & Venice]]<br />
* [[Korcula and Italian Wikipedia]]<br />
* [[Vallegrande Speak]]<br />
* [[Croatian Slavic Identity]]<br />
==External Links==<br />
* [http://www.apartmanija.hr/slike/slike_gradovi/korcula.jpg Photo link for a '''aerial view''' of Korcula Town]<br />
* [http://www.korculainfo.com/ Korcula Info]<br />
* [http://www.mediterano.hr/location.asp?id=6 Vela Luka-Mediterano]<br />
* [http://www.oliver.hr/en/index.html Oliver Dragojevic-Official Web Site]<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Curzola Wikipedia: Battle of Curzola]<br />
* [http://www.plemstvo.hr/arneri.htm Arneri-Web Site]<br />
* [http://www.vlada.hr/en Government of the Republic Croatia - Official Web Portal]<br />
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==Notes and References==<br />
* Encyclopedia Britannica: The Roman province of Illyricum stretched from the Drilon River (the Drin, in modern Albania) in the south to Istria (modem Slovenia and Croatia). "Korčula, Italian Curzola, Greek Corcyra Melaina, island in the Adriatic Sea, on the Dalmatian coast, in Croatia. With an area of 107 square miles (276 square km), it has a hilly interior rising to 1,863 feet (568 m). The Greeks colonized it in the 4th century bc. Korčula was subsequently occupied by the Romans, Goths, Slavs, Byzantines, and Genoese; the kings of Hungary and Croatia"<br />
*Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, 2011. Tue. 8 Mar. 2011." (2011). Retrieved on 2011-03-8: Encyclopædia Britannica: ''" A plague devastated the town in 1529, depleting the population. The burned houses of infected persons, called kućišta..."''<br />
*Dalmatia and Montenegro: With a Journey to Mostar in Herzegovina by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson.Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (October 5, 1797 – October 29, 1875) was an English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist of the 19th century. He is often referred to as "the Father of British Egyptology.<br />
* Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino.<br />
''Danijel Dzino states that the 19 century theories of mass movements of people into the old Roman Province of Dalmatia are questionable. Modern Archaeological and Scholarly research seems to be saying that we are looking at much smaller groups of Slavs and Avars invading the region. The term Slav was first used by the Byzantines and was written in the 6th century in Greek (Σκλαβῖνοι-Sklabenoi). Later in Latin it was written Sclaveni. According to Danijel Dzino the term Slavs was first used by outside observers of the day to describe the newcomers. The Slavs used the term to describe themselves at a later stage. Thus began the construct identity of the new arrivals. Later the Slavic peoples started to identify themselves and separated (or were separated by others) into different groups.''<br />
* Becoming Slav, Becoming Croat: Identity Transformations in Post-Roman and Early Medieval Dalmatia by Danijel Dzino.<br />
* When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans: by John Van Antwerp Fine. <br />
* According to recent studies done at the University of Zadar, Slavs on the island of Korcula accepted Christianity fully in the 14th century. Referenced from: University of Zadar-Sociogeographic Transformation of the Western Part of Korcula Island by Lena Mirosevic-2008.<br />
* Venice and the Slavs: The Discovery of Dalmatia in the Age of Enlightenment by Larry Wolff.<br />
* '''Note''': Recent DNA studies have stated that more than three quarters of today's Croatian men are the descendants of Europeans who inhabited Europe 13 000-20 000 years ago. The first primary source (factual-that its authenticity isn't disputed) to mention the Croatian-Hrvat identity in the Balkans was Duke Branimir (Latin: "Branimiro comite dux cruatorum cogitavit" c. 880 AD). Branimir was a Slav from Dalmatia.<br />
* The Siege of Candia (modern Heraklion-Crete) was a military conflict in which Ottoman forces besieged the Venetian ruled city and were victorious. Lasting from 1648 to 1669, it is conceded by some to be the longest siege in history.<br />
* Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic: By Andrew Archibald Paton. Chapter 4. The Dalmatian Archipelago. '''Andrew Archibald Paton''' (1811-1874) was a British diplomat and writer from the 19th century.<br />
*Otok Korčula (2nd edition) by Marinko Gjivoje, Zagreb 1969. The book outlines A-Z about the island of Korcula, from traditions, history, culture to wildlife, politics & geography: ''Piruzović''<br />
* Smiciklas, CD V, N. Klaic, Povijest Hrvata u Razvijenom & When Ethnicity Did not Matter in the Balkans (by John Van Antwerp Fine): “'' In 1262 the Venetian praised the Slavs and Latins on the island of Korcula for submitting to the prince Venice had sent. ”''<br />
[[File:Venetian galley at Curzola-engraving.jpg|thumb|right|475px|A 19th century engraving of a Venetian galley fighting a Genoese fleet at the'' Battle of Curzola'' in 1298. The Granger Collection-England]]<br />
* History-Korcula.net Marko Marelic-S. Francisco-USA<br />
* The Land of 1000 Islands by Igor Rudan<br />
* The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. 11 : The High Empire, AD 70-192 by Peter Rathbone<br />
* An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen,2005,Index<br />
* Croatian Adriatic: History, Culture, Art & Natural Beauties<br />
* Historical Compendium of the Island of Korcula ''by'' Nikola Ostojic <br />
* Note: Due to the fact that Slavs from the then Kingdom of Croatia also spoke Slavic Chakavian this could indicate that they came from the same tribal group.<br />
* The Shores of the Adriatic (Illustrated Edition) by F Hamilton Jackson<br />
* The Italians of Dalmatia by Luciano Monzali <br />
* Editor's note: ''In the neighbouring Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia a Croatian nationalistic movement was established and alongside that, within the Balkan region a Pan-Slavic movement was growing (the beginnings of the ill fated Yugoslavia). These political on goings started to be felt in the Kingdom of Dalmatia. The Austrians in the 1860s started to introduce (a process of Croatisation) within the Kingdom of Dalmatia a standardised Croatian language sometimes referred to as Illirski. It then replaced Italian altogether. In effect the government undertook culture genocide. For centuries the Italian language was the official language of the Dalmatian establishment. It was also the spoken language in white-collar, civil service and merchant families. Privately Italian schools were still being run in the Kingdom of Dalmatia, i.e the city of Zadar and Split (Lega Nazionale at Spalato).''<br />
* Beginnings of Formal Education - Vela Luka: (beginnings of literacy and Lower Primary School 1857 – 1870)<br />
*Encyclopedia Britannica-Dalmatia: The Treaty of Rapallo (Nov. 12, 1920) between Italy and Yugoslavia gave all Dalmatia to the Yugoslavs except the mainland Zadar (Zara) enclave and the coastal islands of Cres, Losinj (Lussino), and Lastovo.<br />
*'''Note''': The traditional Klapa was composed of up to a dozen male singers (in recent times there are female Klape groups). Klapa singing dates back centuries. The arrival of the Slavic-Croatians to Dalmatia and their subsequent settlement in the area, began the process of the cultural mixing of Slavic culture with that of the traditions of the Roman-Latin population of Dalmatia. This process was most evident in the coastal and island regions of Dalmatia. In the 19th century a standard form of Klapa singing emerged. Church music heavily influences the arrangements of this music giving it the musical form that exists today.<br />
* Venetian-English English-Venetian: When in Venice Do as the Venetians by Lodovico Pizzati <br />
[[File:Korcula Postcard 1902.jpg|thumb|right|275px|A '''Korcula''' postcard from 1902 in Italian. The last Italian government school was abolished in Korcula on the 13th of September 1876.]]<br />
[[File:Korcula Town.jpg|thumb|left|315px|Korcula Town photo by [[Peter Zuvela]]]]<br />
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===Share this page===<br />
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[[File:85px-Coat of arms of Croatia.svg.png||thumb|left|250px|Coat of arms of Croatia (Hrvatska)]]<br />
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[[Keyword:=Korcula]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Korčula]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Korčulanski]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Directory:Korcula History]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Korcula History]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Corzulot]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Korzulot]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Croatian dialect]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Dalmatian]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Venetian]] <br />
[[Keyword:=Latin]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Klapa]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Korcula town]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Vela Luka]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Blato]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Lumbarda]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Racisce]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Zrnovo]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Pupnat]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Smokvica]]<br />
[[Keyword:=Cara]]<br />
[[County_Name:=Croatia]]<br />
[[County_Name:=Dalmatia]]<br />
[[City:=Korcula]]<br />
[[City:=Korčula]]<br />
[[Region_Located_In::Dalmatia]]<br />
[[Oliver Dragojevic::Korčulanski]]<br />
[[Oliver Dragojević::Korčula Dialect]]<br />
[[Korcula::Dalmatian Language]] <br />
[[Korcula::Arneri Lords of Korcula]] <br />
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|-<br />
|}<!-- Start of 2nd right-column --><br />
|class="MainPageBG" style="width:45%;border:1px solid #ccc7b7;background-color:#fffaea;vertical-align:top"|<br />
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top;background-color:#fffaea"<br />
!<br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin:0;background-color:#eee9d9;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #ccc7b7;text-align:left;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Our 2,000,000th page view!</h2><br />
|-<br />
|style="color:#000"|<br />
<div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"><br />
[[Image:Tausche_kayla_240x250.jpg|170px]]<br />
</div><br />
'''Feb. 1, 2012''' - MyWikiBiz has experienced its 2,000,000th page view since its launch as a wiki in 2008! The visitor was a Verizon customer using an iPad from Carrollton, Texas. They searched Google for "Kayla Tausche wiki" and followed the [http://www.google.com/search?sa=t&rct=j&q=kayla%20tausche%20wiki&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CFAQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mywikibiz.com%2FDirectory%3AKayla_Tausche&ei=_ispT6qCA4eU2AWx9pTJAg&usg=AFQjCNGEpDwynA711S7EJUDqYVOjdET6iw #5 search result] returned -- a [http://www.mywikibiz.com/Directory:Kayla_Tausche Directory page] on MyWikiBiz about the CNBC reporter. (Note, Wikipedia at the time had no page about Kayla Tausche, but '''MyWikiBiz''' ''did''!)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Category:MyWikiBiz Master Category]]</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=462606
Main Page
2014-04-07T16:30:55Z
<p>WikiSysop: Remove "sharethis"</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
<div id="mainpage"></div><br />
<!-- Beginning of header section -->{|style="width:100%;margin-top:+.7em;background-color:#fcfcfc;border:1px solid #ccc"<br />
|style="width:56%;color:#000"|<br />
{|style="width:280px;border:solid 0px;background:none"<br />
|-<br />
|style="width:280px;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;color:#000" |<br />
<div style="font-size:162%;border:none;margin: 0;padding:.1em;color:#000">Welcome to MyWikiBiz!</div><br />
<div style="top:+0.2em;font-size: 95%">We believe you're notable. Tell your story here.</div><br />
<div id="articlecount" style="width:100%;text-align:center;font-size:85%;">[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFPAGES}}]] articles in English</div><br />
|}<!-- Portals Follow --><br />
|style="width:11%;font-size:95%;color:#000"|<br />
*[[Portal:Educational|Educational]]<br />
*[[Portal:Entertainment|Entertainment]]<br />
*[[Portal:Finance and Insurance|Finance]]<br />
|style="width:11%;font-size:95%"|<br />
*[[Portal:Health|Health]]<br />
*[[Portal:Information|Information]]<br />
*[[Portal:Manufacturing|Manufacturing]]<br />
|style="width:11%;font-size:95%"|<br />
*[[Portal:Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services|Professional]]<br />
*[[Portal:Retail|Retail]]<br />
*'''[[Portal:List|All&nbsp;portals]]'''<br />
|}<!-- End Portals --><br />
{|style="width:100%;background:none;margin:-.8em 0 -.7em 0"<br />
|style="font-size:95%;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;color:#000"|[[Help:Registration|Register]] '''·''' [[Help:Listing|Listing]] '''·''' [[Help:Tutorial|Tutorial]] '''·''' [[Help:Searching|Searching]] '''·''' [[Help:Contents|Help]] '''·''' [[Help:Search Engine Optimization|SEO]]<br />
|style="font-size:95%;padding:10px 0;margin:0px;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap;color:#000"|<br />
[[Special:Categories|Categories]] '''·''' [[Help:Quick index|A–Z index]]<br />
|}<br />
<!-- End of header section / beginning of left-column <br />
{|style="border-spacing:8px;margin:0px -8px"<br />
|class="MainPageBG" style="width:55%;border:1px solid #cef2e0;background-color:#f5fffa;vertical-align:top;color:#000"|<br />
{|width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top;background-color:#f5fffa"<br />
! <h2 style="margin:0;background-color:#cef2e0;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3bfb1;text-align:left;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Today's featured listing</h2><br />
|-<br />
|style="color:#000"|{{Help:Today's featured article/{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTDAY}}, {{CURRENTYEAR}}}}<br />
|-<br />
|}--><br />
<!-- Start of right-column --><br />
{|class="MainPageBG" style="width:100%;border:1px solid #cedff2;background-color:#f5faff;vertical-align:top"|<br />
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top;background-color:#f5faff"<br />
! <h2 style="margin:0;background-color:#cedff2;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a3b0bf;text-align:left;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">About MyWikiBiz</h2><br />
|-<br />
|style="color:#000"|{{About MyWikiBiz}}<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
|}<br />
<!-- End of first section / beginning of 2nd left-column --><br />
{|style="border-spacing:8px;margin:0px -8px"<br />
|class="MainPageBG" style="width:55%;border:1px solid #ddcef2;background-color:#faf5ff;vertical-align:top;color:#000"|<br />
{|width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top;background-color:#faf5ff"<br />
!<br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin:0;background-color:#ddcef2;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #afa3bf;text-align:left;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Other areas of MyWikiBiz</h2><br />
|-<br />
|style="color:#000"|<br />
*'''[[Help:Extensions|Extensions]]''' &mdash; Information on gadgets, widgets, social and other MyWikiBiz supported extensions.<br />
*'''[[Help:Water Cooler|Water cooler]]''' &mdash; For discussions about MyWikiBiz itself, including areas for technical issues and policies.<br />
*'''[[Help:Search Engine Optimization|Search engine optimization]]''' &mdash; [[Help:Semantic tagging|Semantic tagging]] information related to MyWikiBiz SEO tools, tips and tricks.<br />
*'''[[Help:Reviews|Site news]]''' &mdash; Announcements, updates, articles and press releases on MyWikiBiz.<br />
<br><br />
|-<br />
|}<!-- Start of 2nd right-column --><br />
|class="MainPageBG" style="width:45%;border:1px solid #ccc7b7;background-color:#fffaea;vertical-align:top"|<br />
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top;background-color:#fffaea"<br />
!<br />
<br />
<h2 style="margin:0;background-color:#eee9d9;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #ccc7b7;text-align:left;color:#000;padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Our 2,000,000th page view!</h2><br />
|-<br />
|style="color:#000"|<br />
<div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"><br />
[[Image:Tausche_kayla_240x250.jpg|170px]]<br />
</div><br />
'''Feb. 1, 2012''' - MyWikiBiz has experienced its 2,000,000th page view since its launch as a wiki in 2008! The visitor was a Verizon customer using an iPad from Carrollton, Texas. They searched Google for "Kayla Tausche wiki" and followed the [http://www.google.com/search?sa=t&rct=j&q=kayla%20tausche%20wiki&source=web&cd=5&ved=0CFAQFjAE&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mywikibiz.com%2FDirectory%3AKayla_Tausche&ei=_ispT6qCA4eU2AWx9pTJAg&usg=AFQjCNGEpDwynA711S7EJUDqYVOjdET6iw #5 search result] returned -- a [http://www.mywikibiz.com/Directory:Kayla_Tausche Directory page] on MyWikiBiz about the CNBC reporter. (Note, Wikipedia has no page about Kayla Tausche, but '''MyWikiBiz''' ''does''!)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
|}<br />
<keywords content="mywikibiz,google,directory,information,main page,directory listing,engine optimization,amazon.com widgets,all portals,site news,click-through revenue,search engine optimization,regular monthly checks,google adsense ads,google adsense banners,protected directory listing,yellow pages ad,press releases on mywikibiz,cashing regular monthly checks,own google adsense ads" /><br />
<br />
<embed><br />
<script src="http://www.google-analytics.com/urchin.js" type="text/javascript"><br />
</script><br />
<script type="text/javascript"><br />
_uacct = "UA-38898916-1";<br />
urchinTracker();<br />
</script><br />
</embed><br />
<br />
[[Category:MyWikiBiz Master Category]]</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=Template:About_MyWikiBiz&diff=462605
Template:About MyWikiBiz
2014-04-07T16:29:31Z
<p>WikiSysop: Change for re-launch</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Welcome to the new''' relaunch of '''MyWikiBiz'''!<br />
<br />
{{Blink|text='''<font color="red">PLEASE READ...</font color="red">}}<br />
<br />
MyWikiBiz has served the public as an openly-edited wiki since January 2008, facilitating an astounding ''2.5 million page views''. The MyWikiBiz site relaunched in April 2014, ''removing'' over 200,000 pages of commercial spam content. Our new site will frustrate spammers, because we ask new editors to make a small, '''one-time payment of USD $10''' to open a User account. That is, MyWikiBiz will be free to read, but pay for the privilege of editing and publishing.<br />
<br />
We want this to foster a new dawn of high-quality personal, business, academic, and directory content on MyWikiBiz. <br />
<br />
* The 50 most-active, non-spam User accounts on site since 2008 have been grandfathered back in as free accounts with full edit rights. All other User accounts prior to the April 2014 relaunch have been closed.<br />
<br />
* The management has retained a backup database of all the deleted content. If any former users are intent on retrieving their text for use on other websites, they may contact MyWikiBiz.</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-page&diff=462604
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-page
2014-03-31T02:37:06Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{ns:project}}:General disclaimer</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-page&diff=462603
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-page
2014-03-31T02:35:18Z
<p>WikiSysop: Created page with "{{ns:project}}:General Disclaimer"</p>
<hr />
<div>{{ns:project}}:General Disclaimer</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-tos&diff=462602
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-tos
2014-03-31T02:34:54Z
<p>WikiSysop: Created page with "I have read and agree to abide by the General Disclaimer of {{SITENAME}}. The name I have specified under "Real name" is in fact my own r..."</p>
<hr />
<div>I have read and agree to abide by the [[{{MediaWiki:Requestaccount-page}}|General Disclaimer]] of {{SITENAME}}.<br />
The name I have specified under "Real name" is in fact my own real name.</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text&diff=462601
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text
2014-03-29T18:27:01Z
<p>WikiSysop: Username</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
==Welcome==<br />
Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones on MyWikiBiz.<br />
<br />
==Payment request==<br />
We ask new editors to make a small, '''one-time payment of USD $10''' to open a User account. This is because MyWikiBiz incurs annual hosting, server, and developer costs of over $1,000. For the first seven years of our site's operation, we tried a "free to edit" policy. Unfortunately, this had the effect of attracting thousands of spammers who only wanted to abuse MyWikiBiz for links back to their highly questionable product sites. Our server could no longer withstand the load, and the site would crash frequently, sometimes taking days to restore. This punished all of our good editors who had created legitimate content.<br />
<br />
So, by requiring a small payment from new editors, we are ensuring that you understand MyWikiBiz is ''not'' to be used for publishing spam links. Feel free to promote and describe your product or business, but do so in a way that conforms to an "encyclopedia" or "directory" style.<br />
<br />
===How to activate your User account===<br />
Enter your information in the form below, including a valid email address. You will receive a '''PayPal invoice for $10''' from MyWikiBiz within 48 hours. Follow the invoice instructions to complete the payment, and then MyWikiBiz will activate your User account. If you don't wish to use PayPal, you may send a check or money order '''for $10''' to MyWikiBiz via postal mail to:<br />
<br />
::'''MyWikiBiz'''<br /><br />
::'''489 Lake George Circle'''<br /><br />
::'''West Chester, PA 19382-2188'''<br />
<br />
'''Important!''' If you mail a payment to the above address, ''don't forget'' to include your MyWikiBiz '''Username''' with it, otherwise your account activation will be delayed. Your User account will be approved and activated within 48 hours of receipt of payment and identification of the corresponding account.<br />
<br />
==Thank you==<br />
We appreciate your understanding of our new community policy. <br />
<br />
All the best,<br />
<br />
Gregory Kohs<br /><br />
Founder, MyWikiBiz</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text&diff=462600
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text
2014-03-29T18:25:22Z
<p>WikiSysop: Sections, to make more readable.</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
==Welcome==<br />
Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones on MyWikiBiz.<br />
<br />
==Payment request==<br />
We ask new editors to make a small, '''one-time payment of USD $10''' to open a User account. This is because MyWikiBiz incurs annual hosting, server, and developer costs of over $1,000. For the first seven years of our site's operation, we tried a "free to edit" policy. Unfortunately, this had the effect of attracting thousands of spammers who only wanted to abuse MyWikiBiz for links back to their highly questionable product sites. Our server could no longer withstand the load, and the site would crash frequently, sometimes taking days to restore. This punished all of our good editors who had created legitimate content.<br />
<br />
So, by requiring a small payment from new editors, we are ensuring that you understand MyWikiBiz is ''not'' to be used for publishing spam links. Feel free to promote and describe your product or business, but do so in a way that conforms to an "encyclopedia" or "directory" style.<br />
<br />
===How to activate your User account===<br />
Enter your information in the form below, including a valid email address. You will receive a '''PayPal invoice for $10''' from MyWikiBiz within 48 hours. Follow the invoice instructions to complete the payment, and then MyWikiBiz will activate your User account. If you don't wish to use PayPal, you may send a check or money order '''for $10''' to MyWikiBiz via postal mail to:<br />
<br />
::'''MyWikiBiz'''<br /><br />
::'''489 Lake George Circle'''<br /><br />
::'''West Chester, PA 19382-2188'''<br />
<br />
'''Important!''' If you mail a payment to the above address, don't forget to include your MyWikiBiz User name with it, otherwise your account activation will be delayed. Your User account will be approved and activated within 48 hours of receipt of payment and identification of the corresponding account.<br />
<br />
==Thank you==<br />
We appreciate your understanding of our new community policy. <br />
<br />
All the best,<br />
<br />
Gregory Kohs<br /><br />
Founder, MyWikiBiz</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text&diff=462599
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text
2014-03-29T18:14:45Z
<p>WikiSysop: Changes to include dollar amount</p>
<hr />
<div>Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones on MyWikiBiz.<br />
<br />
We ask new editors to make a small, '''one-time payment of USD $10''' to open a User account. This is because MyWikiBiz incurs annual hosting, server, and developer costs of over $1,000. For the first seven years of our site's operation, we tried a "free to edit" policy. Unfortunately, this had the effect of attracting thousands of spammers who only wanted to abuse MyWikiBiz for links back to their highly questionable product sites. Our server could no longer withstand the load, and the site would crash frequently, sometimes taking days to restore. This punished all of our good editors who had created legitimate content.<br />
<br />
So, by requiring a small payment from new editors, we are ensuring that you understand MyWikiBiz is ''not'' to be used for publishing spam links. Feel free to promote and describe your product or business, but do so in a way that conforms to an "encyclopedia" or "directory" style.<br />
<br />
Enter your information in the form below, including a valid email address. You will receive a '''PayPal invoice for $10''' from MyWikiBiz within 48 hours. Follow the invoice instructions to complete the payment, and then MyWikiBiz will activate your User account. If you don't wish to use PayPal, you may send a check or money order '''for $10''' to MyWikiBiz via postal mail to:<br />
<br />
MyWikiBiz<br /><br />
489 Lake George Circle<br /><br />
West Chester, PA 19382-2188<br />
<br />
'''Important!''' If you mail a payment to the above address, don't forget to include your MyWikiBiz User name with it, otherwise your account activation will be delayed. Your User account will be approved and activated within 48 hours of receipt of payment and identification of the corresponding account.<br />
<br />
Thank you, and we appreciate your understanding of our new community policy.<br />
<br />
All the best,<br />
<br />
Gregory Kohs<br /><br />
Founder, MyWikiBiz</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=Directory:Test2&diff=462596
Directory:Test2
2014-03-28T14:53:34Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>tetetest<br />
asdasd</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=Directory:Test2&diff=462594
Directory:Test2
2014-03-28T14:38:59Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>test</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User_talk:Tester3&diff=462591
User talk:Tester3
2014-03-28T14:30:41Z
<p>WikiSysop: Welcome!</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Welcome to ''MyWikiBiz''!'''<br />
We hope you will contribute much and well.<br />
You will probably want to read the [[Help:Contents|help pages]].<br />
Again, welcome and have fun! [[User:WikiSysop|OMG]] ([[User talk:WikiSysop|talk]]) 14:30, 28 March 2014 (UTC)</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User:Tester3&diff=462590
User:Tester3
2014-03-28T14:30:41Z
<p>WikiSysop: Creating user page for new user.</p>
<hr />
<div>I'm a testing user, created to test the RequestAccount extension.</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-bio&diff=462589
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-bio
2014-03-28T14:03:14Z
<p>WikiSysop: Created page with "Personal biography (at least 10 words):"</p>
<hr />
<div>Personal biography (at least 10 words):</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-bio-text&diff=462588
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-bio-text
2014-03-28T14:02:22Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text&diff=462587
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text
2014-03-28T13:57:52Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones on MyWikiBiz.<br />
<br />
We ask new editors to make a small, one-time payment to open a User account. This is because MyWikiBiz incurs annual hosting, server, and developer costs of over $1,000. For the first seven years of our site's operation, we tried the "free to edit" policy. Unfortunately, this had the effect of attracting thousands of spammers who only wanted to abuse MyWikiBiz for links back to their highly questionable product sites. Our server could no longer withstand the load, and the site would crash frequently, sometimes taking days to restore. This punished all of our good editors who had created legitimate content.<br />
<br />
So, by requiring a small payment from new editors, we are ensuring that you understand MyWikiBiz is not to be used for publishing spam links. Feel free to market your product or business, but do so in a way that conforms to an "encyclopedia" or "directory" style.<br />
<br />
Once you submit your the form below and confirm your email, you will receive a PayPal invoice from MyWikiBiz within 48 hours. Follow the link to complete the payment and activate your account. Alternatively, you can send a check or money order to MyWikiBiz via postal mail to:<br />
<br />
MyWikiBiz<br /><br />
489 Lake George Circle<br /><br />
West Chester, PA 19382-2188<br />
<br />
'''Important!''' If you send the payment to the above address, don't forget to include your MyWikiBiz User name with it, otherwise your account activation will be delayed. Your User account will be approved and activated within 48 hours of receipt of payment and identification of the corresponding account.<br />
<br />
Thank you, and we appreciate your understanding of our new community policy.<br />
<br />
All the best,<br />
<br />
Gregory Kohs<br /><br />
Founder, MyWikiBiz</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text&diff=462586
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text
2014-03-28T13:57:25Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones on MyWikiBiz.<br />
<br />
We ask new editors to make a small, one-time payment to open a User account. This is because MyWikiBiz incurs annual hosting, server, and developer costs of over $1,000. For the first seven years of our site's operation, we tried the "free to edit" policy. Unfortunately, this had the effect of attracting thousands of spammers who only wanted to abuse MyWikiBiz for links back to their highly questionable product sites. Our server could no longer withstand the load, and the site would crash frequently, sometimes taking days to restore. This punished all of our good editors who had created legitimate content.<br />
<br />
So, by requiring a small payment from new editors, we are ensuring that you understand MyWikiBiz is not to be used for publishing spam links. Feel free to market your product or business, but do so in a way that conforms to an "encyclopedia" or "directory" style.<br />
<br />
Once you submit your the form below and confirm your email, you will receive a PayPal invoice from MyWikiBiz within 48 hours. Follow the link to complete the payment and activate your account. Alternatively, you can send a check or money order to MyWikiBiz via postal mail to:<br />
<br />
MyWikiBiz<br /><br />
489 Lake George Circle<br /><br />
West Chester, PA 19382-2188<br />
<br />
'''Important!''' If you send the payment to the above address, don't forget to include your MyWikiBiz User name with your payment, otherwise your account activation will be delayed. Your User account will be approved and activated within 48 hours of receipt of payment and identification of the corresponding account.<br />
<br />
Thank you, and we appreciate your understanding of our new community policy.<br />
<br />
All the best,<br />
<br />
Gregory Kohs<br /><br />
Founder, MyWikiBiz</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text&diff=462585
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text
2014-03-28T13:55:17Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones on MyWikiBiz.<br />
<br />
We ask new editors to make a small, one-time payment to open a User account. This is because MyWikiBiz incurs annual hosting, server, and developer costs of over $1,000. For the first seven years of our site's operation, we tried the "free to edit" policy. Unfortunately, this had the effect of attracting thousands of spammers who only wanted to abuse MyWikiBiz for links back to their highly questionable product sites. Our server could no longer withstand the load, and the site would crash frequently, sometimes taking days to restore. This punished all of our good editors who had created legitimate content.<br />
<br />
So, by requiring a small payment from new editors, we are ensuring that you understand MyWikiBiz is not to be used for publishing spam links. Feel free to market your product or business, but do so in a way that conforms to an "encyclopedia" or "directory" style.<br />
<br />
Once you submit your the form below and confirm your email, you will receive a PayPal invoice from MyWikiBiz within 48 hours. Follow the link complete the payment to activate your account.<br />
<br />
MyWikiBiz<br /><br />
489 Lake George Circle<br /><br />
West Chester, PA 19382-2188<br />
<br />
Thank you, and we appreciate your understanding of our new community policy.<br />
<br />
All the best,<br />
<br />
Gregory Kohs<br /><br />
Founder, MyWikiBiz</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text&diff=462584
MediaWiki:Requestaccount-text
2014-03-28T13:49:16Z
<p>WikiSysop: Created page with "Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones o..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Welcome to MyWikiBiz, and thank you for your interest in opening a User account. Once you have your User account, you will be able to create new pages and edit existing ones on MyWikiBiz.<br />
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We ask new editors to make a small, one-time payment to open a User account. This is because MyWikiBiz incurs annual hosting, server, and developer costs of over $1,000. For the first seven years of our site's operation, we tried the "free to edit" policy. Unfortunately, this had the effect of attracting thousands of spammers who only wanted to abuse MyWikiBiz for links back to their highly questionable product sites. Our server could no longer withstand the load, and the site would crash frequently, sometimes taking days to restore. This punished all of our good editors who had created legitimate content.<br />
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So, by requiring a small payment from new editors, we are ensuring that you understand MyWikiBiz is not to be used for publishing spam links. Feel free to market your product or business, but do so in a way that conforms to an "encyclopedia" or "directory" style.<br />
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To fulfill the USD $10 fee to activate your User account, make payment via PayPal to "ResearchBiz@gmail.com", or send a check or money order to MyWikiBiz via postal mail to:<br />
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WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=TestSMW&diff=462578
TestSMW
2014-03-18T19:21:53Z
<p>WikiSysop: Created page with "Property test: Property name::Property value"</p>
<hr />
<div>Property test: [[Property name::Property value]]</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery&diff=128025
User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery
2010-10-10T22:49:31Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Query Problems==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Character set conversion problems===<br />
<br />
====Incorrect====<br />
Incorrect character encoding: Aeroméxic Flight 498<br />
<br />
====Correct====<br />
Correct character encoding: Aeroméxico Flight 498<br />
<br />
===Ask query syntax===<br />
The query used Fatalities (deaths) as the search term. <br />
<br />
====Original Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Page not shown as a link===<br />
The page/article name table doesn't contain a clickable link back to that page. The first line in the return result is the name of the first column field which should also be, in this case, the page name. <br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
| <br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Correct category===<br />
<br />
Best choice (category set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]]</nowiki><br />
Query set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
===Linkable result for page in the first result column===<br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
| mainlabel=Airline/Flight<br />
| link=subject<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}</div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=Template:Reflist&diff=128024
Template:Reflist
2010-10-10T22:48:51Z
<p>WikiSysop: </p>
<hr />
<div><div class="references-small {{#if: {{{colwidth|}}} | references-column-width | {{#iferror: {{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}}>1 | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{1}}} }} }} }}" {{#if: {{{colwidth|}}}| style="-moz-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; -webkit-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; column-width:{{{colwidth}}};" | {{#if: {{{1|}}}| style="-moz-column-count:{{{1}}}; -webkit-column-count:{{{1}}}; column-count:{{{1}}};" }} }}><br />
{{#tag:references}}</div><noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude></div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery&diff=128023
User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery
2010-10-10T22:46:01Z
<p>WikiSysop: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Query Problems==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Character set conversion problems===<br />
<br />
====Incorrect====<br />
Incorrect character encoding: Aeroméxic Flight 498<br />
<br />
====Correct====<br />
Correct character encoding: Aeroméxico Flight 498<br />
<br />
===Ask query syntax===<br />
The query used Fatalities (deaths) as the search term. <br />
<br />
====Original Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Page not shown as a link===<br />
The page/article name table doesn't contain a clickable link back to that page. The first line in the return result is the name of the first column field which should also be, in this case, the page name. <br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
| <br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Correct category===<br />
<br />
Best choice (category set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]]</nowiki><br />
Query set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
===Linkable result for page in the first result column===<br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
| mainlabel=Airline/Flight<br />
| link=subject<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Groundwater remediation''' is the process by which [[water pollution]] is extracted and filtered. [[Groundwater]] is a readily available source of drinking water. At least one half of the population of the United States depends upon groundwater as a source of drinking water.<ref>Miller, W. D. (1980). Waste Disposal Effects on Groundwater: A Comprehensive Survey of the Occurrence and Control of Ground-Water Contamination Resulting from Waste Disposal Particles. Berkeley, California: Premier Press.</ref> Groundwater is also used by farms to irrigate crops and by industries to produce everyday goods. Most groundwater is clean, but groundwater can become polluted, or contaminated as a result of human activities. The many and diverse activities of man produce innumerable waste materials and by-products; these are often deposited or stored on land surfaces where by percolation they eventually get carried downward contaminating the underlying groundwater and therefore jeopardizing the natural quality of it. As a result, contaminated groundwater becomes unsuitable for use. Using contaminated ground water causes hazards to public health through poisoning or the spread of disease. Contaminants found in ground water cover the entire range of physical, inorganic chemical, organic chemical, bacteriological, and radioactive parameters. Pollutants and contaminants can be removed from ground water by applying various techniques thereby making it safe for use.<br />
<br />
== Techniques ==<br />
Ground water remediation techniques span biological, chemical, and physical treatment technologies. Most ground water treatment techniques utilize a combination of technologies. Some of the biological treatment techniques include [[bioaugmentation]], [[bioventing]], [[biosparging]], [[bioslurping]], and [[phytoremediation]]. Some chemical treatment techniques include [[ozone and oxygen gas injection]], [[chemical precipitation]], [[membrane separation]], [[ion exchange]], [[carbon absorption]], [[aqueous chemical oxidation]], and [[surfactant enhanced recovery]]. Physical treatment techniques include, but not limited to, [[pump and treat]], [[air sparging]], and [[dual phase extraction]].<br />
<br />
=== Biological treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Bioaugmentation ====<br />
If a treatability study shows no degradation (or an extended lab period before significant degradation is achieved) in contamination contained in the groundwater, then inoculation with strains known to be capable of degrading the contaminants may be helpful. This process increases the reactive enzyme concentration within the bioremediation system and subsequently may increase contaminant degradation rates over the nonaugmented rates, at least initially after inoculation.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Bioventing ====<br />
Bioventing is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses [[microorganism]]s to biodegrade [[organic]] constituents adsorbed in the groundwater. Bioventing enhances the activity of indigenous bacteria and simulates the natural in situ biodegradation of [[hydrocarbon]]s by inducing air or [[oxygen]] flow into the unsaturated zone and, if necessary, by adding nutrients. During bioventing, oxygen may be supplied through direct air injection into residual contamination in soil. Bioventing primarily assists in the degradation of adsorbed fuel residuals, but also assists in the degradation of [[volatile organic compounds]] (VOCs) as vapors move slowly through biologically active soil.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bioven.htm "Bioventing"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Biosparging ====<br />
Biosparging is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses indigenous microorganisms to biodegrade organic constituents in the saturated zone. In biosparging, air (or oxygen) and nutrients (if needed) are injected into the [[saturated zone]] to increase the biological activity of the indigenous microorganisms. Biosparging can be used to reduce concentrations of [[petroleum]] constituents that are dissolved in groundwater, adsorbed to [[soil]] below the [[water table]], and within the [[capillary fringe]].<br />
<br />
==== Bioslurping ====<br />
Bioslurping combines elements of bioventing and vacuum-enhanced pumping of free-product to recover free-product from the groundwater and soil, and to bioremediate soils. The bioslurper system uses a “slurp” tube that extends into the free-product layer. Much like a straw in a glass draws liquid, the pump draws liquid (including free-product) and soil gas up the tube in the same process stream. Pumping lifts light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs), such as oil, off the top of the water table and from the capillary fringe (i.e., an area just above the saturated zone, where water is held in place by capillary forces). The LNAPL is brought to the surface, where it is separated from water and air. The biological processes in the term “bioslurping” refer to [[aerobic biological degradation]] of the hydrocarbons when air is introduced into the unsaturated zone.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bislurp.htm "Bioslurping"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Phytoremediation ====<br />
In the [[phytoremediation]] process [[:Category:Phytoremediation plants|certain plants and trees]] are planted, whose roots absorb contaminants from ground water over time, and are harvested and destroyed. This process can be carried out in areas where the roots can tap the ground water. Few examples of plants that are used in this process are [[Chinese Ladder fern]] Pteris vittata, also known as the brake fern, is a highly efficient accumulator of [[arsenic]]. Genetically altered [[cottonwood]] trees are good absorbers of [[Mercury (element)|mercury]] and transgenic Indian mustard plants soak up [[selenium]] well.<ref>Stewart, Robert. [http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/environment-book/groundwaterremediation.html "Groundwater Remediation"], 2008-12-23. Retrieved on 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Chemical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Chemical precipitation ====<br />
[[Precipitation (chemistry)|Chemical precipitation]] is commonly used in [[wastewater treatment]] to remove [[Water hardness|hardness]] and [[heavy metals]]. In general, the process involves addition of agent to an aqueous waste stream in a stirred reaction vessel, either batchwise or with steady flow. Most metals can be converted to insoluble compounds by chemical reactions between the agent and the dissolved metal ions. The insoluble compounds (precipitates) are removed by settling and/or filtering. <br />
<br />
==== Ion exchange ====<br />
[[Ion exchange]] for ground water remediation is virtually always carried out by passing the water downward under pressure through a fixed bed of granular medium (either cation exchange media and anion exchange media) or spherical beads. [[Cations]] are displaced by certain cations from the solutions and [[ions]] are displaced by certain anions from the solution. Ion exchange media most often used for remediation are [[zeolite]]s (both natural and synthetic) and synthetic resins.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Carbon absorption ====<br />
The most common activated carbon used for remediation is derived from [[bituminous coal]]. [[Activated carbon]] absorbs volatile organic compounds from ground water by chemically binding them to the carbon atoms. <br />
<br />
==== Chemical oxidation ====<br />
In this process chemical [[oxidant]]s are delivered in the subsurface to destroy (converted to water and carbon dioxide or to nontoxic substances) the organics molecules. The oxidants are introduced as either liquids or gasses. Oxidants include air or oxygen, [[ozone]], and certain liquid chemicals such as [[hydrogen peroxide]], [[permanganate]] and [[persulfate]].<br />
[[Ozone and oxygen]] gas can be generated on site from air and electricity and directly injected into soil and groundwater contamination. The process has the potential to oxidize and/or enhance naturally occurring aerobic degradation.<br />
<br />
==== Surfactant enhanced recovery ====<br />
Surfactant enhanced recovery increases the mobility and solubility of the contaminants absorbed to the saturated soil matrix. Surfactant-enhanced recovery injects [[surfactant]]s (surface-active agents that are primary ingredient in soap and detergent) into contaminated groundwater. A typical system uses an extraction pump to remove groundwater downstream from the injection point. The extracted groundwater is treated aboveground to separate the injected surfactants from the contaminants and groundwater. Once the surfactants have separated from the groundwater they are re-used. The surfactants used are non-toxic, food-grade, and biodegradable. Surfactant enhanced recovery is used most often when the groundwater is contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). These dense compounds, such as [[trichloroethylene]] (TCE), sink in groundwater because they have a higher density than water. They then act as a continuous source for [[contaminant plume]]s that can stretch for miles within an aquifer. These compounds may biodegrade very slowly. They are commonly found in the vicinity of the original spill or leak where capillary forces have trapped them.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/surfenh.htm "Surfactant Enhanced Recovery"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Physical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Pump and treat ====<br />
Pump and treat is one of the most widely used ground water remediation technologies. In this process ground water is pumped to the surface and is coupled with either biological or chemical treatments to remove the impurities. <br />
<br />
==== Air sparging ====<br />
Air sparging is the process of blowing air directly into the ground water. As the bubbles rise, the contaminants are removed from the groundwater by physical contact with the air (i.e., stripping) and are carried up into the unsaturated zone (i.e., soil). As the contaminants move into the soil, a soil vapor extraction system is usually used to remove vapors.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/airspa.htm "Air Sparging"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Dual phase extraction ====<br />
Dual-phase extraction (DPE), also known as multi-phase extraction, is a technology that uses a high-vacuum system to remove both contaminated groundwater and soil vapor. In DPE systems a high-vacuum extraction well is installed with its screened section in the zone of contaminated soils and groundwater. Fluid/vapor extraction systems depress the water table and water flows faster to the extraction well. DPE removes contaminants from above and below the water table. As the water table around the well is lowered from pumping, unsaturated soil is exposed. This area, called the [[capillary fringe]], is often highly contaminated, as it holds undissolved chemicals, chemicals that are lighter than water, and vapors that have escaped from the dissolved groundwater below. Contaminants in the newly exposed zone can be removed by vapor extraction. Once above ground, the extracted vapors and liquid-phase organics and groundwater are separated and treated. Use of dual-phase extraction with these technologies can shorten the cleanup time at a site, because the [[capillary fringe]] is often the most contaminated area.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/dualphex.htm "Dual Phase Extraction"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Monitoring-Well Oil Skimming ====<br />
Monitoring-wells are often drilled for the purpose of collecting ground water samples for analysis. These wells, which are usually six inches or fewer in diameter, can also be used to remove hydrocarbons from the contaminant plume within a groundwater aquifer by using a belt style oil skimmer. Belt oil skimmers, which are simple in design, are commonly used to remove oil and other floating hydrocarbon contaminants from industrial water systems.<br />
<br />
A monitoring-well oil skimmer remediates various oils, ranging from light fuel oils such as petrol, light diesel or kerosene to heavy products such as No. 6 oil, creosote and coal tar. It consists of a continuously moving belt that runs on a pulley system driven by an electric motor. The belt material has a strong affinity for [[hydrocarbon]] liquids and for shedding water. The belt, which can have a vertical drop of 100+ feet, is lowered into the monitoring well past the LNAPL/water interface. As the belt moves through this interface it picks up liquid hydrocarbon contaminant, which is removed and collected at ground level as the belt passes through a wiper mechanism. To the extent that DNAPL hydrocarbons settle at the bottom of a monitoring well, and the lower pulley of the belt skimmer reaches them, these contaminants can also be removed by a monitoring-well oil skimmer. <br />
<br />
Typically, belt skimmers remove very little water with the contaminant, so simple weir type separators can be used to collect any remaining hydrocarbon liquid, which often makes the water suitable for its return to the aquifer. Because the small electric motor uses little electricity, it can be powered from [[solar panels]] or a [[wind turbine]], making the system self-sufficient and eliminating the cost of running electricity to a remote location. <ref>[http://www.wateronline.com/article.mvc/The-Alternative-To-Pump-And-Treat-0001 "The Alternative To Pump And Treat"]Bob Thibodeau, Water Online Magazine, December 27, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<div class="references-small <br />
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{{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}}>1 | <br />
references-column-count references-column-count-{{{1}}} <br />
}} <br />
}} <br />
}}" <br />
<br />
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style="-moz-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; <br />
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{{#tag:references|{{{refs|}}}|group={{{group|}}}}}<br />
{{#tag:references|{{{refs|}}} }}<br />
{{#tag:references}}<br />
</div></div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery&diff=128022
User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery
2010-10-10T22:42:27Z
<p>WikiSysop: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Query Problems==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Character set conversion problems===<br />
<br />
====Incorrect====<br />
Incorrect character encoding: Aeroméxic Flight 498<br />
<br />
====Correct====<br />
Correct character encoding: Aeroméxico Flight 498<br />
<br />
===Ask query syntax===<br />
The query used Fatalities (deaths) as the search term. <br />
<br />
====Original Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Page not shown as a link===<br />
The page/article name table doesn't contain a clickable link back to that page. The first line in the return result is the name of the first column field which should also be, in this case, the page name. <br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
| <br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Correct category===<br />
<br />
Best choice (category set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]]</nowiki><br />
Query set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
===Linkable result for page in the first result column===<br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
| mainlabel=Airline/Flight<br />
| link=subject<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Groundwater remediation''' is the process by which [[water pollution]] is extracted and filtered. [[Groundwater]] is a readily available source of drinking water. At least one half of the population of the United States depends upon groundwater as a source of drinking water.<ref>Miller, W. D. (1980). Waste Disposal Effects on Groundwater: A Comprehensive Survey of the Occurrence and Control of Ground-Water Contamination Resulting from Waste Disposal Particles. Berkeley, California: Premier Press.</ref> Groundwater is also used by farms to irrigate crops and by industries to produce everyday goods. Most groundwater is clean, but groundwater can become polluted, or contaminated as a result of human activities. The many and diverse activities of man produce innumerable waste materials and by-products; these are often deposited or stored on land surfaces where by percolation they eventually get carried downward contaminating the underlying groundwater and therefore jeopardizing the natural quality of it. As a result, contaminated groundwater becomes unsuitable for use. Using contaminated ground water causes hazards to public health through poisoning or the spread of disease. Contaminants found in ground water cover the entire range of physical, inorganic chemical, organic chemical, bacteriological, and radioactive parameters. Pollutants and contaminants can be removed from ground water by applying various techniques thereby making it safe for use.<br />
<br />
== Techniques ==<br />
Ground water remediation techniques span biological, chemical, and physical treatment technologies. Most ground water treatment techniques utilize a combination of technologies. Some of the biological treatment techniques include [[bioaugmentation]], [[bioventing]], [[biosparging]], [[bioslurping]], and [[phytoremediation]]. Some chemical treatment techniques include [[ozone and oxygen gas injection]], [[chemical precipitation]], [[membrane separation]], [[ion exchange]], [[carbon absorption]], [[aqueous chemical oxidation]], and [[surfactant enhanced recovery]]. Physical treatment techniques include, but not limited to, [[pump and treat]], [[air sparging]], and [[dual phase extraction]].<br />
<br />
=== Biological treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Bioaugmentation ====<br />
If a treatability study shows no degradation (or an extended lab period before significant degradation is achieved) in contamination contained in the groundwater, then inoculation with strains known to be capable of degrading the contaminants may be helpful. This process increases the reactive enzyme concentration within the bioremediation system and subsequently may increase contaminant degradation rates over the nonaugmented rates, at least initially after inoculation.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Bioventing ====<br />
Bioventing is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses [[microorganism]]s to biodegrade [[organic]] constituents adsorbed in the groundwater. Bioventing enhances the activity of indigenous bacteria and simulates the natural in situ biodegradation of [[hydrocarbon]]s by inducing air or [[oxygen]] flow into the unsaturated zone and, if necessary, by adding nutrients. During bioventing, oxygen may be supplied through direct air injection into residual contamination in soil. Bioventing primarily assists in the degradation of adsorbed fuel residuals, but also assists in the degradation of [[volatile organic compounds]] (VOCs) as vapors move slowly through biologically active soil.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bioven.htm "Bioventing"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Biosparging ====<br />
Biosparging is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses indigenous microorganisms to biodegrade organic constituents in the saturated zone. In biosparging, air (or oxygen) and nutrients (if needed) are injected into the [[saturated zone]] to increase the biological activity of the indigenous microorganisms. Biosparging can be used to reduce concentrations of [[petroleum]] constituents that are dissolved in groundwater, adsorbed to [[soil]] below the [[water table]], and within the [[capillary fringe]].<br />
<br />
==== Bioslurping ====<br />
Bioslurping combines elements of bioventing and vacuum-enhanced pumping of free-product to recover free-product from the groundwater and soil, and to bioremediate soils. The bioslurper system uses a “slurp” tube that extends into the free-product layer. Much like a straw in a glass draws liquid, the pump draws liquid (including free-product) and soil gas up the tube in the same process stream. Pumping lifts light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs), such as oil, off the top of the water table and from the capillary fringe (i.e., an area just above the saturated zone, where water is held in place by capillary forces). The LNAPL is brought to the surface, where it is separated from water and air. The biological processes in the term “bioslurping” refer to [[aerobic biological degradation]] of the hydrocarbons when air is introduced into the unsaturated zone.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bislurp.htm "Bioslurping"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Phytoremediation ====<br />
In the [[phytoremediation]] process [[:Category:Phytoremediation plants|certain plants and trees]] are planted, whose roots absorb contaminants from ground water over time, and are harvested and destroyed. This process can be carried out in areas where the roots can tap the ground water. Few examples of plants that are used in this process are [[Chinese Ladder fern]] Pteris vittata, also known as the brake fern, is a highly efficient accumulator of [[arsenic]]. Genetically altered [[cottonwood]] trees are good absorbers of [[Mercury (element)|mercury]] and transgenic Indian mustard plants soak up [[selenium]] well.<ref>Stewart, Robert. [http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/environment-book/groundwaterremediation.html "Groundwater Remediation"], 2008-12-23. Retrieved on 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Chemical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Chemical precipitation ====<br />
[[Precipitation (chemistry)|Chemical precipitation]] is commonly used in [[wastewater treatment]] to remove [[Water hardness|hardness]] and [[heavy metals]]. In general, the process involves addition of agent to an aqueous waste stream in a stirred reaction vessel, either batchwise or with steady flow. Most metals can be converted to insoluble compounds by chemical reactions between the agent and the dissolved metal ions. The insoluble compounds (precipitates) are removed by settling and/or filtering. <br />
<br />
==== Ion exchange ====<br />
[[Ion exchange]] for ground water remediation is virtually always carried out by passing the water downward under pressure through a fixed bed of granular medium (either cation exchange media and anion exchange media) or spherical beads. [[Cations]] are displaced by certain cations from the solutions and [[ions]] are displaced by certain anions from the solution. Ion exchange media most often used for remediation are [[zeolite]]s (both natural and synthetic) and synthetic resins.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Carbon absorption ====<br />
The most common activated carbon used for remediation is derived from [[bituminous coal]]. [[Activated carbon]] absorbs volatile organic compounds from ground water by chemically binding them to the carbon atoms. <br />
<br />
==== Chemical oxidation ====<br />
In this process chemical [[oxidant]]s are delivered in the subsurface to destroy (converted to water and carbon dioxide or to nontoxic substances) the organics molecules. The oxidants are introduced as either liquids or gasses. Oxidants include air or oxygen, [[ozone]], and certain liquid chemicals such as [[hydrogen peroxide]], [[permanganate]] and [[persulfate]].<br />
[[Ozone and oxygen]] gas can be generated on site from air and electricity and directly injected into soil and groundwater contamination. The process has the potential to oxidize and/or enhance naturally occurring aerobic degradation.<br />
<br />
==== Surfactant enhanced recovery ====<br />
Surfactant enhanced recovery increases the mobility and solubility of the contaminants absorbed to the saturated soil matrix. Surfactant-enhanced recovery injects [[surfactant]]s (surface-active agents that are primary ingredient in soap and detergent) into contaminated groundwater. A typical system uses an extraction pump to remove groundwater downstream from the injection point. The extracted groundwater is treated aboveground to separate the injected surfactants from the contaminants and groundwater. Once the surfactants have separated from the groundwater they are re-used. The surfactants used are non-toxic, food-grade, and biodegradable. Surfactant enhanced recovery is used most often when the groundwater is contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). These dense compounds, such as [[trichloroethylene]] (TCE), sink in groundwater because they have a higher density than water. They then act as a continuous source for [[contaminant plume]]s that can stretch for miles within an aquifer. These compounds may biodegrade very slowly. They are commonly found in the vicinity of the original spill or leak where capillary forces have trapped them.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/surfenh.htm "Surfactant Enhanced Recovery"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Physical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Pump and treat ====<br />
Pump and treat is one of the most widely used ground water remediation technologies. In this process ground water is pumped to the surface and is coupled with either biological or chemical treatments to remove the impurities. <br />
<br />
==== Air sparging ====<br />
Air sparging is the process of blowing air directly into the ground water. As the bubbles rise, the contaminants are removed from the groundwater by physical contact with the air (i.e., stripping) and are carried up into the unsaturated zone (i.e., soil). As the contaminants move into the soil, a soil vapor extraction system is usually used to remove vapors.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/airspa.htm "Air Sparging"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Dual phase extraction ====<br />
Dual-phase extraction (DPE), also known as multi-phase extraction, is a technology that uses a high-vacuum system to remove both contaminated groundwater and soil vapor. In DPE systems a high-vacuum extraction well is installed with its screened section in the zone of contaminated soils and groundwater. Fluid/vapor extraction systems depress the water table and water flows faster to the extraction well. DPE removes contaminants from above and below the water table. As the water table around the well is lowered from pumping, unsaturated soil is exposed. This area, called the [[capillary fringe]], is often highly contaminated, as it holds undissolved chemicals, chemicals that are lighter than water, and vapors that have escaped from the dissolved groundwater below. Contaminants in the newly exposed zone can be removed by vapor extraction. Once above ground, the extracted vapors and liquid-phase organics and groundwater are separated and treated. Use of dual-phase extraction with these technologies can shorten the cleanup time at a site, because the [[capillary fringe]] is often the most contaminated area.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/dualphex.htm "Dual Phase Extraction"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Monitoring-Well Oil Skimming ====<br />
Monitoring-wells are often drilled for the purpose of collecting ground water samples for analysis. These wells, which are usually six inches or fewer in diameter, can also be used to remove hydrocarbons from the contaminant plume within a groundwater aquifer by using a belt style oil skimmer. Belt oil skimmers, which are simple in design, are commonly used to remove oil and other floating hydrocarbon contaminants from industrial water systems.<br />
<br />
A monitoring-well oil skimmer remediates various oils, ranging from light fuel oils such as petrol, light diesel or kerosene to heavy products such as No. 6 oil, creosote and coal tar. It consists of a continuously moving belt that runs on a pulley system driven by an electric motor. The belt material has a strong affinity for [[hydrocarbon]] liquids and for shedding water. The belt, which can have a vertical drop of 100+ feet, is lowered into the monitoring well past the LNAPL/water interface. As the belt moves through this interface it picks up liquid hydrocarbon contaminant, which is removed and collected at ground level as the belt passes through a wiper mechanism. To the extent that DNAPL hydrocarbons settle at the bottom of a monitoring well, and the lower pulley of the belt skimmer reaches them, these contaminants can also be removed by a monitoring-well oil skimmer. <br />
<br />
Typically, belt skimmers remove very little water with the contaminant, so simple weir type separators can be used to collect any remaining hydrocarbon liquid, which often makes the water suitable for its return to the aquifer. Because the small electric motor uses little electricity, it can be powered from [[solar panels]] or a [[wind turbine]], making the system self-sufficient and eliminating the cost of running electricity to a remote location. <ref>[http://www.wateronline.com/article.mvc/The-Alternative-To-Pump-And-Treat-0001 "The Alternative To Pump And Treat"]Bob Thibodeau, Water Online Magazine, December 27, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<div class="references-small <br />
{{#if: {{{colwidth|}}} | references-column-width | <br />
{{#iferror: <br />
{{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}}>1 | <br />
references-column-count references-column-count-{{{1}}} <br />
}} <br />
}} <br />
}}" <br />
<br />
{{#if: {{{colwidth|}}}| <br />
style="-moz-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; <br />
-webkit-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; <br />
column-width:{{{colwidth}}};" | <br />
{{#if: {{{1|}}}| <br />
style="-moz-column-count:{{{1}}}; <br />
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}} <br />
}}><br />
{{#tag:references|{{{refs|}}}|group={{{group|}}}}}<br />
{{#tag:references}}<br />
</div></div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery&diff=128021
User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery
2010-10-10T22:40:12Z
<p>WikiSysop: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Query Problems==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Character set conversion problems===<br />
<br />
====Incorrect====<br />
Incorrect character encoding: Aeroméxic Flight 498<br />
<br />
====Correct====<br />
Correct character encoding: Aeroméxico Flight 498<br />
<br />
===Ask query syntax===<br />
The query used Fatalities (deaths) as the search term. <br />
<br />
====Original Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Page not shown as a link===<br />
The page/article name table doesn't contain a clickable link back to that page. The first line in the return result is the name of the first column field which should also be, in this case, the page name. <br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
| <br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Correct category===<br />
<br />
Best choice (category set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]]</nowiki><br />
Query set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
===Linkable result for page in the first result column===<br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
| mainlabel=Airline/Flight<br />
| link=subject<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Groundwater remediation''' is the process by which [[water pollution]] is extracted and filtered. [[Groundwater]] is a readily available source of drinking water. At least one half of the population of the United States depends upon groundwater as a source of drinking water.<ref>Miller, W. D. (1980). Waste Disposal Effects on Groundwater: A Comprehensive Survey of the Occurrence and Control of Ground-Water Contamination Resulting from Waste Disposal Particles. Berkeley, California: Premier Press.</ref> Groundwater is also used by farms to irrigate crops and by industries to produce everyday goods. Most groundwater is clean, but groundwater can become polluted, or contaminated as a result of human activities. The many and diverse activities of man produce innumerable waste materials and by-products; these are often deposited or stored on land surfaces where by percolation they eventually get carried downward contaminating the underlying groundwater and therefore jeopardizing the natural quality of it. As a result, contaminated groundwater becomes unsuitable for use. Using contaminated ground water causes hazards to public health through poisoning or the spread of disease. Contaminants found in ground water cover the entire range of physical, inorganic chemical, organic chemical, bacteriological, and radioactive parameters. Pollutants and contaminants can be removed from ground water by applying various techniques thereby making it safe for use.<br />
<br />
== Techniques ==<br />
Ground water remediation techniques span biological, chemical, and physical treatment technologies. Most ground water treatment techniques utilize a combination of technologies. Some of the biological treatment techniques include [[bioaugmentation]], [[bioventing]], [[biosparging]], [[bioslurping]], and [[phytoremediation]]. Some chemical treatment techniques include [[ozone and oxygen gas injection]], [[chemical precipitation]], [[membrane separation]], [[ion exchange]], [[carbon absorption]], [[aqueous chemical oxidation]], and [[surfactant enhanced recovery]]. Physical treatment techniques include, but not limited to, [[pump and treat]], [[air sparging]], and [[dual phase extraction]].<br />
<br />
=== Biological treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Bioaugmentation ====<br />
If a treatability study shows no degradation (or an extended lab period before significant degradation is achieved) in contamination contained in the groundwater, then inoculation with strains known to be capable of degrading the contaminants may be helpful. This process increases the reactive enzyme concentration within the bioremediation system and subsequently may increase contaminant degradation rates over the nonaugmented rates, at least initially after inoculation.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Bioventing ====<br />
Bioventing is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses [[microorganism]]s to biodegrade [[organic]] constituents adsorbed in the groundwater. Bioventing enhances the activity of indigenous bacteria and simulates the natural in situ biodegradation of [[hydrocarbon]]s by inducing air or [[oxygen]] flow into the unsaturated zone and, if necessary, by adding nutrients. During bioventing, oxygen may be supplied through direct air injection into residual contamination in soil. Bioventing primarily assists in the degradation of adsorbed fuel residuals, but also assists in the degradation of [[volatile organic compounds]] (VOCs) as vapors move slowly through biologically active soil.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bioven.htm "Bioventing"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Biosparging ====<br />
Biosparging is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses indigenous microorganisms to biodegrade organic constituents in the saturated zone. In biosparging, air (or oxygen) and nutrients (if needed) are injected into the [[saturated zone]] to increase the biological activity of the indigenous microorganisms. Biosparging can be used to reduce concentrations of [[petroleum]] constituents that are dissolved in groundwater, adsorbed to [[soil]] below the [[water table]], and within the [[capillary fringe]].<br />
<br />
==== Bioslurping ====<br />
Bioslurping combines elements of bioventing and vacuum-enhanced pumping of free-product to recover free-product from the groundwater and soil, and to bioremediate soils. The bioslurper system uses a “slurp” tube that extends into the free-product layer. Much like a straw in a glass draws liquid, the pump draws liquid (including free-product) and soil gas up the tube in the same process stream. Pumping lifts light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs), such as oil, off the top of the water table and from the capillary fringe (i.e., an area just above the saturated zone, where water is held in place by capillary forces). The LNAPL is brought to the surface, where it is separated from water and air. The biological processes in the term “bioslurping” refer to [[aerobic biological degradation]] of the hydrocarbons when air is introduced into the unsaturated zone.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bislurp.htm "Bioslurping"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Phytoremediation ====<br />
In the [[phytoremediation]] process [[:Category:Phytoremediation plants|certain plants and trees]] are planted, whose roots absorb contaminants from ground water over time, and are harvested and destroyed. This process can be carried out in areas where the roots can tap the ground water. Few examples of plants that are used in this process are [[Chinese Ladder fern]] Pteris vittata, also known as the brake fern, is a highly efficient accumulator of [[arsenic]]. Genetically altered [[cottonwood]] trees are good absorbers of [[Mercury (element)|mercury]] and transgenic Indian mustard plants soak up [[selenium]] well.<ref>Stewart, Robert. [http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/environment-book/groundwaterremediation.html "Groundwater Remediation"], 2008-12-23. Retrieved on 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Chemical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Chemical precipitation ====<br />
[[Precipitation (chemistry)|Chemical precipitation]] is commonly used in [[wastewater treatment]] to remove [[Water hardness|hardness]] and [[heavy metals]]. In general, the process involves addition of agent to an aqueous waste stream in a stirred reaction vessel, either batchwise or with steady flow. Most metals can be converted to insoluble compounds by chemical reactions between the agent and the dissolved metal ions. The insoluble compounds (precipitates) are removed by settling and/or filtering. <br />
<br />
==== Ion exchange ====<br />
[[Ion exchange]] for ground water remediation is virtually always carried out by passing the water downward under pressure through a fixed bed of granular medium (either cation exchange media and anion exchange media) or spherical beads. [[Cations]] are displaced by certain cations from the solutions and [[ions]] are displaced by certain anions from the solution. Ion exchange media most often used for remediation are [[zeolite]]s (both natural and synthetic) and synthetic resins.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Carbon absorption ====<br />
The most common activated carbon used for remediation is derived from [[bituminous coal]]. [[Activated carbon]] absorbs volatile organic compounds from ground water by chemically binding them to the carbon atoms. <br />
<br />
==== Chemical oxidation ====<br />
In this process chemical [[oxidant]]s are delivered in the subsurface to destroy (converted to water and carbon dioxide or to nontoxic substances) the organics molecules. The oxidants are introduced as either liquids or gasses. Oxidants include air or oxygen, [[ozone]], and certain liquid chemicals such as [[hydrogen peroxide]], [[permanganate]] and [[persulfate]].<br />
[[Ozone and oxygen]] gas can be generated on site from air and electricity and directly injected into soil and groundwater contamination. The process has the potential to oxidize and/or enhance naturally occurring aerobic degradation.<br />
<br />
==== Surfactant enhanced recovery ====<br />
Surfactant enhanced recovery increases the mobility and solubility of the contaminants absorbed to the saturated soil matrix. Surfactant-enhanced recovery injects [[surfactant]]s (surface-active agents that are primary ingredient in soap and detergent) into contaminated groundwater. A typical system uses an extraction pump to remove groundwater downstream from the injection point. The extracted groundwater is treated aboveground to separate the injected surfactants from the contaminants and groundwater. Once the surfactants have separated from the groundwater they are re-used. The surfactants used are non-toxic, food-grade, and biodegradable. Surfactant enhanced recovery is used most often when the groundwater is contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). These dense compounds, such as [[trichloroethylene]] (TCE), sink in groundwater because they have a higher density than water. They then act as a continuous source for [[contaminant plume]]s that can stretch for miles within an aquifer. These compounds may biodegrade very slowly. They are commonly found in the vicinity of the original spill or leak where capillary forces have trapped them.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/surfenh.htm "Surfactant Enhanced Recovery"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Physical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Pump and treat ====<br />
Pump and treat is one of the most widely used ground water remediation technologies. In this process ground water is pumped to the surface and is coupled with either biological or chemical treatments to remove the impurities. <br />
<br />
==== Air sparging ====<br />
Air sparging is the process of blowing air directly into the ground water. As the bubbles rise, the contaminants are removed from the groundwater by physical contact with the air (i.e., stripping) and are carried up into the unsaturated zone (i.e., soil). As the contaminants move into the soil, a soil vapor extraction system is usually used to remove vapors.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/airspa.htm "Air Sparging"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Dual phase extraction ====<br />
Dual-phase extraction (DPE), also known as multi-phase extraction, is a technology that uses a high-vacuum system to remove both contaminated groundwater and soil vapor. In DPE systems a high-vacuum extraction well is installed with its screened section in the zone of contaminated soils and groundwater. Fluid/vapor extraction systems depress the water table and water flows faster to the extraction well. DPE removes contaminants from above and below the water table. As the water table around the well is lowered from pumping, unsaturated soil is exposed. This area, called the [[capillary fringe]], is often highly contaminated, as it holds undissolved chemicals, chemicals that are lighter than water, and vapors that have escaped from the dissolved groundwater below. Contaminants in the newly exposed zone can be removed by vapor extraction. Once above ground, the extracted vapors and liquid-phase organics and groundwater are separated and treated. Use of dual-phase extraction with these technologies can shorten the cleanup time at a site, because the [[capillary fringe]] is often the most contaminated area.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/dualphex.htm "Dual Phase Extraction"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Monitoring-Well Oil Skimming ====<br />
Monitoring-wells are often drilled for the purpose of collecting ground water samples for analysis. These wells, which are usually six inches or fewer in diameter, can also be used to remove hydrocarbons from the contaminant plume within a groundwater aquifer by using a belt style oil skimmer. Belt oil skimmers, which are simple in design, are commonly used to remove oil and other floating hydrocarbon contaminants from industrial water systems.<br />
<br />
A monitoring-well oil skimmer remediates various oils, ranging from light fuel oils such as petrol, light diesel or kerosene to heavy products such as No. 6 oil, creosote and coal tar. It consists of a continuously moving belt that runs on a pulley system driven by an electric motor. The belt material has a strong affinity for [[hydrocarbon]] liquids and for shedding water. The belt, which can have a vertical drop of 100+ feet, is lowered into the monitoring well past the LNAPL/water interface. As the belt moves through this interface it picks up liquid hydrocarbon contaminant, which is removed and collected at ground level as the belt passes through a wiper mechanism. To the extent that DNAPL hydrocarbons settle at the bottom of a monitoring well, and the lower pulley of the belt skimmer reaches them, these contaminants can also be removed by a monitoring-well oil skimmer. <br />
<br />
Typically, belt skimmers remove very little water with the contaminant, so simple weir type separators can be used to collect any remaining hydrocarbon liquid, which often makes the water suitable for its return to the aquifer. Because the small electric motor uses little electricity, it can be powered from [[solar panels]] or a [[wind turbine]], making the system self-sufficient and eliminating the cost of running electricity to a remote location. <ref>[http://www.wateronline.com/article.mvc/The-Alternative-To-Pump-And-Treat-0001 "The Alternative To Pump And Treat"]Bob Thibodeau, Water Online Magazine, December 27, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<div class="references-small <br />
{{#if: {{{colwidth|}}} | references-column-width | <br />
{{#iferror: <br />
{{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}}>1 | <br />
references-column-count references-column-count-{{{1}}} <br />
}} <br />
}} <br />
}}" <br />
<br />
{{#if: {{{colwidth|}}}| <br />
style="-moz-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; <br />
-webkit-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; <br />
column-width:{{{colwidth}}};" | <br />
{{#if: {{{1|}}}| <br />
style="-moz-column-count:{{{1}}}; <br />
-webkit-column-count:{{{1}}}; column-count:{{{1}}};" <br />
}} <br />
}}><br />
<br />
</div></div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery&diff=128020
User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery
2010-10-10T22:39:30Z
<p>WikiSysop: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Query Problems==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Character set conversion problems===<br />
<br />
====Incorrect====<br />
Incorrect character encoding: Aeroméxic Flight 498<br />
<br />
====Correct====<br />
Correct character encoding: Aeroméxico Flight 498<br />
<br />
===Ask query syntax===<br />
The query used Fatalities (deaths) as the search term. <br />
<br />
====Original Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Page not shown as a link===<br />
The page/article name table doesn't contain a clickable link back to that page. The first line in the return result is the name of the first column field which should also be, in this case, the page name. <br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
| <br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Correct category===<br />
<br />
Best choice (category set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]]</nowiki><br />
Query set to : <nowiki>[[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
===Linkable result for page in the first result column===<br />
<br />
{{#ask: [[Category:Accidents and incidents on commercial airliners in the United States]][[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
| mainlabel=Airline/Flight<br />
| link=subject<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Groundwater remediation''' is the process by which [[water pollution]] is extracted and filtered. [[Groundwater]] is a readily available source of drinking water. At least one half of the population of the United States depends upon groundwater as a source of drinking water.<ref>Miller, W. D. (1980). Waste Disposal Effects on Groundwater: A Comprehensive Survey of the Occurrence and Control of Ground-Water Contamination Resulting from Waste Disposal Particles. Berkeley, California: Premier Press.</ref> Groundwater is also used by farms to irrigate crops and by industries to produce everyday goods. Most groundwater is clean, but groundwater can become polluted, or contaminated as a result of human activities. The many and diverse activities of man produce innumerable waste materials and by-products; these are often deposited or stored on land surfaces where by percolation they eventually get carried downward contaminating the underlying groundwater and therefore jeopardizing the natural quality of it. As a result, contaminated groundwater becomes unsuitable for use. Using contaminated ground water causes hazards to public health through poisoning or the spread of disease. Contaminants found in ground water cover the entire range of physical, inorganic chemical, organic chemical, bacteriological, and radioactive parameters. Pollutants and contaminants can be removed from ground water by applying various techniques thereby making it safe for use.<br />
<br />
== Techniques ==<br />
Ground water remediation techniques span biological, chemical, and physical treatment technologies. Most ground water treatment techniques utilize a combination of technologies. Some of the biological treatment techniques include [[bioaugmentation]], [[bioventing]], [[biosparging]], [[bioslurping]], and [[phytoremediation]]. Some chemical treatment techniques include [[ozone and oxygen gas injection]], [[chemical precipitation]], [[membrane separation]], [[ion exchange]], [[carbon absorption]], [[aqueous chemical oxidation]], and [[surfactant enhanced recovery]]. Physical treatment techniques include, but not limited to, [[pump and treat]], [[air sparging]], and [[dual phase extraction]].<br />
<br />
=== Biological treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Bioaugmentation ====<br />
If a treatability study shows no degradation (or an extended lab period before significant degradation is achieved) in contamination contained in the groundwater, then inoculation with strains known to be capable of degrading the contaminants may be helpful. This process increases the reactive enzyme concentration within the bioremediation system and subsequently may increase contaminant degradation rates over the nonaugmented rates, at least initially after inoculation.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Bioventing ====<br />
Bioventing is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses [[microorganism]]s to biodegrade [[organic]] constituents adsorbed in the groundwater. Bioventing enhances the activity of indigenous bacteria and simulates the natural in situ biodegradation of [[hydrocarbon]]s by inducing air or [[oxygen]] flow into the unsaturated zone and, if necessary, by adding nutrients. During bioventing, oxygen may be supplied through direct air injection into residual contamination in soil. Bioventing primarily assists in the degradation of adsorbed fuel residuals, but also assists in the degradation of [[volatile organic compounds]] (VOCs) as vapors move slowly through biologically active soil.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bioven.htm "Bioventing"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Biosparging ====<br />
Biosparging is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses indigenous microorganisms to biodegrade organic constituents in the saturated zone. In biosparging, air (or oxygen) and nutrients (if needed) are injected into the [[saturated zone]] to increase the biological activity of the indigenous microorganisms. Biosparging can be used to reduce concentrations of [[petroleum]] constituents that are dissolved in groundwater, adsorbed to [[soil]] below the [[water table]], and within the [[capillary fringe]].<br />
<br />
==== Bioslurping ====<br />
Bioslurping combines elements of bioventing and vacuum-enhanced pumping of free-product to recover free-product from the groundwater and soil, and to bioremediate soils. The bioslurper system uses a “slurp” tube that extends into the free-product layer. Much like a straw in a glass draws liquid, the pump draws liquid (including free-product) and soil gas up the tube in the same process stream. Pumping lifts light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs), such as oil, off the top of the water table and from the capillary fringe (i.e., an area just above the saturated zone, where water is held in place by capillary forces). The LNAPL is brought to the surface, where it is separated from water and air. The biological processes in the term “bioslurping” refer to [[aerobic biological degradation]] of the hydrocarbons when air is introduced into the unsaturated zone.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bislurp.htm "Bioslurping"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Phytoremediation ====<br />
In the [[phytoremediation]] process [[:Category:Phytoremediation plants|certain plants and trees]] are planted, whose roots absorb contaminants from ground water over time, and are harvested and destroyed. This process can be carried out in areas where the roots can tap the ground water. Few examples of plants that are used in this process are [[Chinese Ladder fern]] Pteris vittata, also known as the brake fern, is a highly efficient accumulator of [[arsenic]]. Genetically altered [[cottonwood]] trees are good absorbers of [[Mercury (element)|mercury]] and transgenic Indian mustard plants soak up [[selenium]] well.<ref>Stewart, Robert. [http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/environment-book/groundwaterremediation.html "Groundwater Remediation"], 2008-12-23. Retrieved on 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Chemical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Chemical precipitation ====<br />
[[Precipitation (chemistry)|Chemical precipitation]] is commonly used in [[wastewater treatment]] to remove [[Water hardness|hardness]] and [[heavy metals]]. In general, the process involves addition of agent to an aqueous waste stream in a stirred reaction vessel, either batchwise or with steady flow. Most metals can be converted to insoluble compounds by chemical reactions between the agent and the dissolved metal ions. The insoluble compounds (precipitates) are removed by settling and/or filtering. <br />
<br />
==== Ion exchange ====<br />
[[Ion exchange]] for ground water remediation is virtually always carried out by passing the water downward under pressure through a fixed bed of granular medium (either cation exchange media and anion exchange media) or spherical beads. [[Cations]] are displaced by certain cations from the solutions and [[ions]] are displaced by certain anions from the solution. Ion exchange media most often used for remediation are [[zeolite]]s (both natural and synthetic) and synthetic resins.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Carbon absorption ====<br />
The most common activated carbon used for remediation is derived from [[bituminous coal]]. [[Activated carbon]] absorbs volatile organic compounds from ground water by chemically binding them to the carbon atoms. <br />
<br />
==== Chemical oxidation ====<br />
In this process chemical [[oxidant]]s are delivered in the subsurface to destroy (converted to water and carbon dioxide or to nontoxic substances) the organics molecules. The oxidants are introduced as either liquids or gasses. Oxidants include air or oxygen, [[ozone]], and certain liquid chemicals such as [[hydrogen peroxide]], [[permanganate]] and [[persulfate]].<br />
[[Ozone and oxygen]] gas can be generated on site from air and electricity and directly injected into soil and groundwater contamination. The process has the potential to oxidize and/or enhance naturally occurring aerobic degradation.<br />
<br />
==== Surfactant enhanced recovery ====<br />
Surfactant enhanced recovery increases the mobility and solubility of the contaminants absorbed to the saturated soil matrix. Surfactant-enhanced recovery injects [[surfactant]]s (surface-active agents that are primary ingredient in soap and detergent) into contaminated groundwater. A typical system uses an extraction pump to remove groundwater downstream from the injection point. The extracted groundwater is treated aboveground to separate the injected surfactants from the contaminants and groundwater. Once the surfactants have separated from the groundwater they are re-used. The surfactants used are non-toxic, food-grade, and biodegradable. Surfactant enhanced recovery is used most often when the groundwater is contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). These dense compounds, such as [[trichloroethylene]] (TCE), sink in groundwater because they have a higher density than water. They then act as a continuous source for [[contaminant plume]]s that can stretch for miles within an aquifer. These compounds may biodegrade very slowly. They are commonly found in the vicinity of the original spill or leak where capillary forces have trapped them.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/surfenh.htm "Surfactant Enhanced Recovery"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
=== Physical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Pump and treat ====<br />
Pump and treat is one of the most widely used ground water remediation technologies. In this process ground water is pumped to the surface and is coupled with either biological or chemical treatments to remove the impurities. <br />
<br />
==== Air sparging ====<br />
Air sparging is the process of blowing air directly into the ground water. As the bubbles rise, the contaminants are removed from the groundwater by physical contact with the air (i.e., stripping) and are carried up into the unsaturated zone (i.e., soil). As the contaminants move into the soil, a soil vapor extraction system is usually used to remove vapors.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/airspa.htm "Air Sparging"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
<br />
==== Dual phase extraction ====<br />
Dual-phase extraction (DPE), also known as multi-phase extraction, is a technology that uses a high-vacuum system to remove both contaminated groundwater and soil vapor. In DPE systems a high-vacuum extraction well is installed with its screened section in the zone of contaminated soils and groundwater. Fluid/vapor extraction systems depress the water table and water flows faster to the extraction well. DPE removes contaminants from above and below the water table. As the water table around the well is lowered from pumping, unsaturated soil is exposed. This area, called the [[capillary fringe]], is often highly contaminated, as it holds undissolved chemicals, chemicals that are lighter than water, and vapors that have escaped from the dissolved groundwater below. Contaminants in the newly exposed zone can be removed by vapor extraction. Once above ground, the extracted vapors and liquid-phase organics and groundwater are separated and treated. Use of dual-phase extraction with these technologies can shorten the cleanup time at a site, because the [[capillary fringe]] is often the most contaminated area.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/dualphex.htm "Dual Phase Extraction"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
<br />
==== Monitoring-Well Oil Skimming ====<br />
Monitoring-wells are often drilled for the purpose of collecting ground water samples for analysis. These wells, which are usually six inches or fewer in diameter, can also be used to remove hydrocarbons from the contaminant plume within a groundwater aquifer by using a belt style oil skimmer. Belt oil skimmers, which are simple in design, are commonly used to remove oil and other floating hydrocarbon contaminants from industrial water systems.<br />
<br />
A monitoring-well oil skimmer remediates various oils, ranging from light fuel oils such as petrol, light diesel or kerosene to heavy products such as No. 6 oil, creosote and coal tar. It consists of a continuously moving belt that runs on a pulley system driven by an electric motor. The belt material has a strong affinity for [[hydrocarbon]] liquids and for shedding water. The belt, which can have a vertical drop of 100+ feet, is lowered into the monitoring well past the LNAPL/water interface. As the belt moves through this interface it picks up liquid hydrocarbon contaminant, which is removed and collected at ground level as the belt passes through a wiper mechanism. To the extent that DNAPL hydrocarbons settle at the bottom of a monitoring well, and the lower pulley of the belt skimmer reaches them, these contaminants can also be removed by a monitoring-well oil skimmer. <br />
<br />
Typically, belt skimmers remove very little water with the contaminant, so simple weir type separators can be used to collect any remaining hydrocarbon liquid, which often makes the water suitable for its return to the aquifer. Because the small electric motor uses little electricity, it can be powered from [[solar panels]] or a [[wind turbine]], making the system self-sufficient and eliminating the cost of running electricity to a remote location. <ref>[http://www.wateronline.com/article.mvc/The-Alternative-To-Pump-And-Treat-0001 "The Alternative To Pump And Treat"]Bob Thibodeau, Water Online Magazine, December 27, 2006.</ref><br />
<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<div class="references-small <br />
{{#if: {{{colwidth|}}} | references-column-width | <br />
{{#iferror: <br />
{{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}}>1 | <br />
references-column-count references-column-count-{{{1}}} <br />
}} <br />
}} <br />
}}" <br />
<br />
{{#if: {{{colwidth|}}}| <br />
style="-moz-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; <br />
-webkit-column-width:{{{colwidth}}}; <br />
column-width:{{{colwidth}}};" | <br />
{{#if: {{{1|}}}| <br />
style="-moz-column-count:{{{1}}}; <br />
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}} <br />
}}><br />
{{#tag:references|{{{refs|}}}|group={{{group|}}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
</div></div>
WikiSysop
https://mywikibiz.com/index.php?title=User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery&diff=128019
User:WikiSysop/Sandbox/Badquery
2010-10-10T22:31:38Z
<p>WikiSysop: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Query Problems==<br />
<br />
<br />
===Character set conversion problems===<br />
<br />
====Incorrect====<br />
Incorrect character encoding: Aeroméxic Flight 498<br />
<br />
====Correct====<br />
Correct character encoding: Aeroméxico Flight 498<br />
<br />
===Ask query syntax===<br />
The query used Fatalities (deaths) as the search term. <br />
<br />
====Original Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
===Page not shown as a link===<br />
The page/article name table doesn't contain a clickable link back to that page. The first line in the return result is the name of the first column field which should also be, in this case, the page name. <br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]][[Fatalities::<1001]]<br />
| <br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
| ?Accident_Cause=Cause<br />
| ?Aircraft_Type=Aircraft<br />
| ?Airline=Airline<br />
| ?Airport_Code=Airport involved<br />
| ?Miles_Traveled=Miles Traveled<br />
| ?State_Code=State of incident<br />
| ?Survivors=Survivors<br />
| ?Fatalities=Deaths<br />
}}<br />
<br />
====Good Query:====<br />
<br />
=====query=====<br />
<nowiki>[[Fatalities::>0]]</nowiki><br />
<br />
=====result=====<br />
{{#ask: [[Fatalities::>0]]<br />
|<br />
| ?Date=Date<br />
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'''Groundwater remediation''' is the process by which [[water pollution]] is extracted and filtered. [[Groundwater]] is a readily available source of drinking water. At least one half of the population of the United States depends upon groundwater as a source of drinking water.<ref>Miller, W. D. (1980). Waste Disposal Effects on Groundwater: A Comprehensive Survey of the Occurrence and Control of Ground-Water Contamination Resulting from Waste Disposal Particles. Berkeley, California: Premier Press.</ref> Groundwater is also used by farms to irrigate crops and by industries to produce everyday goods. Most groundwater is clean, but groundwater can become polluted, or contaminated as a result of human activities. The many and diverse activities of man produce innumerable waste materials and by-products; these are often deposited or stored on land surfaces where by percolation they eventually get carried downward contaminating the underlying groundwater and therefore jeopardizing the natural quality of it. As a result, contaminated groundwater becomes unsuitable for use. Using contaminated ground water causes hazards to public health through poisoning or the spread of disease. Contaminants found in ground water cover the entire range of physical, inorganic chemical, organic chemical, bacteriological, and radioactive parameters. Pollutants and contaminants can be removed from ground water by applying various techniques thereby making it safe for use.<br />
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== Techniques ==<br />
Ground water remediation techniques span biological, chemical, and physical treatment technologies. Most ground water treatment techniques utilize a combination of technologies. Some of the biological treatment techniques include [[bioaugmentation]], [[bioventing]], [[biosparging]], [[bioslurping]], and [[phytoremediation]]. Some chemical treatment techniques include [[ozone and oxygen gas injection]], [[chemical precipitation]], [[membrane separation]], [[ion exchange]], [[carbon absorption]], [[aqueous chemical oxidation]], and [[surfactant enhanced recovery]]. Physical treatment techniques include, but not limited to, [[pump and treat]], [[air sparging]], and [[dual phase extraction]].<br />
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=== Biological treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Bioaugmentation ====<br />
If a treatability study shows no degradation (or an extended lab period before significant degradation is achieved) in contamination contained in the groundwater, then inoculation with strains known to be capable of degrading the contaminants may be helpful. This process increases the reactive enzyme concentration within the bioremediation system and subsequently may increase contaminant degradation rates over the nonaugmented rates, at least initially after inoculation.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
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==== Bioventing ====<br />
Bioventing is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses [[microorganism]]s to biodegrade [[organic]] constituents adsorbed in the groundwater. Bioventing enhances the activity of indigenous bacteria and simulates the natural in situ biodegradation of [[hydrocarbon]]s by inducing air or [[oxygen]] flow into the unsaturated zone and, if necessary, by adding nutrients. During bioventing, oxygen may be supplied through direct air injection into residual contamination in soil. Bioventing primarily assists in the degradation of adsorbed fuel residuals, but also assists in the degradation of [[volatile organic compounds]] (VOCs) as vapors move slowly through biologically active soil.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bioven.htm "Bioventing"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
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==== Biosparging ====<br />
Biosparging is an [[in situ]] remediation technology that uses indigenous microorganisms to biodegrade organic constituents in the saturated zone. In biosparging, air (or oxygen) and nutrients (if needed) are injected into the [[saturated zone]] to increase the biological activity of the indigenous microorganisms. Biosparging can be used to reduce concentrations of [[petroleum]] constituents that are dissolved in groundwater, adsorbed to [[soil]] below the [[water table]], and within the [[capillary fringe]].<br />
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==== Bioslurping ====<br />
Bioslurping combines elements of bioventing and vacuum-enhanced pumping of free-product to recover free-product from the groundwater and soil, and to bioremediate soils. The bioslurper system uses a “slurp” tube that extends into the free-product layer. Much like a straw in a glass draws liquid, the pump draws liquid (including free-product) and soil gas up the tube in the same process stream. Pumping lifts light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs), such as oil, off the top of the water table and from the capillary fringe (i.e., an area just above the saturated zone, where water is held in place by capillary forces). The LNAPL is brought to the surface, where it is separated from water and air. The biological processes in the term “bioslurping” refer to [[aerobic biological degradation]] of the hydrocarbons when air is introduced into the unsaturated zone.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/bislurp.htm "Bioslurping"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
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==== Phytoremediation ====<br />
In the [[phytoremediation]] process [[:Category:Phytoremediation plants|certain plants and trees]] are planted, whose roots absorb contaminants from ground water over time, and are harvested and destroyed. This process can be carried out in areas where the roots can tap the ground water. Few examples of plants that are used in this process are [[Chinese Ladder fern]] Pteris vittata, also known as the brake fern, is a highly efficient accumulator of [[arsenic]]. Genetically altered [[cottonwood]] trees are good absorbers of [[Mercury (element)|mercury]] and transgenic Indian mustard plants soak up [[selenium]] well.<ref>Stewart, Robert. [http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/environment-book/groundwaterremediation.html "Groundwater Remediation"], 2008-12-23. Retrieved on 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
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=== Chemical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Chemical precipitation ====<br />
[[Precipitation (chemistry)|Chemical precipitation]] is commonly used in [[wastewater treatment]] to remove [[Water hardness|hardness]] and [[heavy metals]]. In general, the process involves addition of agent to an aqueous waste stream in a stirred reaction vessel, either batchwise or with steady flow. Most metals can be converted to insoluble compounds by chemical reactions between the agent and the dissolved metal ions. The insoluble compounds (precipitates) are removed by settling and/or filtering. <br />
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==== Ion exchange ====<br />
[[Ion exchange]] for ground water remediation is virtually always carried out by passing the water downward under pressure through a fixed bed of granular medium (either cation exchange media and anion exchange media) or spherical beads. [[Cations]] are displaced by certain cations from the solutions and [[ions]] are displaced by certain anions from the solution. Ion exchange media most often used for remediation are [[zeolite]]s (both natural and synthetic) and synthetic resins.<ref>Hayman, M, & Dupont, R. R. (2001). Groundwater and Soil Remediation: Process Design and Cost Estimating of Proven Technologies. Reston, Virginia: ASCE Press.</ref> <br />
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==== Carbon absorption ====<br />
The most common activated carbon used for remediation is derived from [[bituminous coal]]. [[Activated carbon]] absorbs volatile organic compounds from ground water by chemically binding them to the carbon atoms. <br />
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==== Chemical oxidation ====<br />
In this process chemical [[oxidant]]s are delivered in the subsurface to destroy (converted to water and carbon dioxide or to nontoxic substances) the organics molecules. The oxidants are introduced as either liquids or gasses. Oxidants include air or oxygen, [[ozone]], and certain liquid chemicals such as [[hydrogen peroxide]], [[permanganate]] and [[persulfate]].<br />
[[Ozone and oxygen]] gas can be generated on site from air and electricity and directly injected into soil and groundwater contamination. The process has the potential to oxidize and/or enhance naturally occurring aerobic degradation.<br />
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==== Surfactant enhanced recovery ====<br />
Surfactant enhanced recovery increases the mobility and solubility of the contaminants absorbed to the saturated soil matrix. Surfactant-enhanced recovery injects [[surfactant]]s (surface-active agents that are primary ingredient in soap and detergent) into contaminated groundwater. A typical system uses an extraction pump to remove groundwater downstream from the injection point. The extracted groundwater is treated aboveground to separate the injected surfactants from the contaminants and groundwater. Once the surfactants have separated from the groundwater they are re-used. The surfactants used are non-toxic, food-grade, and biodegradable. Surfactant enhanced recovery is used most often when the groundwater is contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). These dense compounds, such as [[trichloroethylene]] (TCE), sink in groundwater because they have a higher density than water. They then act as a continuous source for [[contaminant plume]]s that can stretch for miles within an aquifer. These compounds may biodegrade very slowly. They are commonly found in the vicinity of the original spill or leak where capillary forces have trapped them.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/surfenh.htm "Surfactant Enhanced Recovery"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
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=== Physical treatment technologies ===<br />
==== Pump and treat ====<br />
Pump and treat is one of the most widely used ground water remediation technologies. In this process ground water is pumped to the surface and is coupled with either biological or chemical treatments to remove the impurities. <br />
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==== Air sparging ====<br />
Air sparging is the process of blowing air directly into the ground water. As the bubbles rise, the contaminants are removed from the groundwater by physical contact with the air (i.e., stripping) and are carried up into the unsaturated zone (i.e., soil). As the contaminants move into the soil, a soil vapor extraction system is usually used to remove vapors.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/airspa.htm "Air Sparging"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref> <br />
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==== Dual phase extraction ====<br />
Dual-phase extraction (DPE), also known as multi-phase extraction, is a technology that uses a high-vacuum system to remove both contaminated groundwater and soil vapor. In DPE systems a high-vacuum extraction well is installed with its screened section in the zone of contaminated soils and groundwater. Fluid/vapor extraction systems depress the water table and water flows faster to the extraction well. DPE removes contaminants from above and below the water table. As the water table around the well is lowered from pumping, unsaturated soil is exposed. This area, called the [[capillary fringe]], is often highly contaminated, as it holds undissolved chemicals, chemicals that are lighter than water, and vapors that have escaped from the dissolved groundwater below. Contaminants in the newly exposed zone can be removed by vapor extraction. Once above ground, the extracted vapors and liquid-phase organics and groundwater are separated and treated. Use of dual-phase extraction with these technologies can shorten the cleanup time at a site, because the [[capillary fringe]] is often the most contaminated area.<ref>[http://www.cpeo.org/techtree/ttdescript/dualphex.htm "Dual Phase Extraction"], ''The Center for Public Environmental Oversight (CPEO)''. Retrieved 2009-11-29.</ref><br />
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==== Monitoring-Well Oil Skimming ====<br />
Monitoring-wells are often drilled for the purpose of collecting ground water samples for analysis. These wells, which are usually six inches or fewer in diameter, can also be used to remove hydrocarbons from the contaminant plume within a groundwater aquifer by using a belt style oil skimmer. Belt oil skimmers, which are simple in design, are commonly used to remove oil and other floating hydrocarbon contaminants from industrial water systems.<br />
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A monitoring-well oil skimmer remediates various oils, ranging from light fuel oils such as petrol, light diesel or kerosene to heavy products such as No. 6 oil, creosote and coal tar. It consists of a continuously moving belt that runs on a pulley system driven by an electric motor. The belt material has a strong affinity for [[hydrocarbon]] liquids and for shedding water. The belt, which can have a vertical drop of 100+ feet, is lowered into the monitoring well past the LNAPL/water interface. As the belt moves through this interface it picks up liquid hydrocarbon contaminant, which is removed and collected at ground level as the belt passes through a wiper mechanism. To the extent that DNAPL hydrocarbons settle at the bottom of a monitoring well, and the lower pulley of the belt skimmer reaches them, these contaminants can also be removed by a monitoring-well oil skimmer. <br />
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Typically, belt skimmers remove very little water with the contaminant, so simple weir type separators can be used to collect any remaining hydrocarbon liquid, which often makes the water suitable for its return to the aquifer. Because the small electric motor uses little electricity, it can be powered from [[solar panels]] or a [[wind turbine]], making the system self-sufficient and eliminating the cost of running electricity to a remote location. <ref>[http://www.wateronline.com/article.mvc/The-Alternative-To-Pump-And-Treat-0001 "The Alternative To Pump And Treat"]Bob Thibodeau, Water Online Magazine, December 27, 2006.</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
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